Research Summary
Hybrid telemedicine improves glycemic control in type 1 diabetes
Moderate confidence
Low bias
Last updated July 8, 2026Key Takeaway:
This study evaluated a hybrid telemedicine approach for adults with type 1 diabetes against standard clinical practice, finding a significant reduction in HbA1c levels.
Study at a Glance
What was studied
Hybrid telemedicine approach with face-to-face follow-up in adults with type 1 diabetes.
Participants
Young Adult (19–39), Middle Aged (40-64)
Male, Female
with T1 Diabetes
Intervention
Hybrid telemedicine approach
Outcomes
Quality of life measured by ViDa1 Questionnaire, HbA1c, Glycemic variability, Time below target range, Adverse events
Funding
Non-Industry Sponsored
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Main Effects
HbA1c levels decreased from 6.9% to 6.7% after 12 months (p=0.006).
No statistically significant differences in quality of life were found.
No increase in adverse events was reported despite fewer in-person visits.
Evidence Summary
| Intervention | Outcome | Measured Change | Study Effect |
|---|---|---|---|
 Hybrid closed-loop system (Devices & Technology) |  Adverse events incidence (Safety) | No Change | Unclear |
Hybrid closed-loop system (Devices & Technology) |  Glucose variability (Glycemic Control) | No Change | Unclear |
Hybrid closed-loop system (Devices & Technology) | HbA1c (Glycemic Control) | Decrease | Strong |
Hybrid closed-loop system (Devices & Technology) |  Quality of life (Patient-Reported) | No Change | Unclear |
Hybrid closed-loop system (Devices & Technology) | Time in range (Glycemic Control) | No Change | Unclear |
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Evidence Suggest
- HbA1c levels decreased by 0.2% (p=0.006) with the hybrid approach.
- Quality of life scores showed no significant differences between groups.
- No increase in adverse events was noted despite reduced in-person visits.
Who this applies to
- Adults with type 1 diabetes.
- Individuals seeking alternatives to standard clinical practice.
Keep in Mind
- The study did not measure all relevant outcomes, such as glycemic variability.
- Findings may not be generalizable to all populations with diabetes.
- The long-term effectiveness of the hybrid approach remains to be determined.
Between the Lines
- No specific results reported for glycemic variability.
- Limited information on time below target range.
- Effectiveness of the hybrid approach remains unclear for some outcomes.
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Journal Reference
Lía N, Esther DLC, Edurne L, et al. A hybrid telemedicine approach for adults with type 1 diabetes using an advanced closed-loop system: a randomized clinical trial. Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2024;15:20420188241288789. doi:10.1177/20420188241288789
Connected Evidence
Discover how this study fits into the broader diabetes evidence landscape.
This study contributes to evidence on Insulin Delivery Systems and Glucose Variability, Insulin Delivery Systems and CGM Time in Range.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ArchiveThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention–outcome relationships.
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