Structured population data were available for 3 of 3 supporting studies. 3 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 3 studies described adult participants.

1 relevant study has unresolved authoritative design evidence and does not contribute to design-specific or RoB-specific claims.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: baseline_within_group, usual_care.

2 supporting studies have high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

Not extracted from the authoritative source.

Not applicable to this study design or comparison.

Available source content was suppressed because validation identified a conflict.

Clinician-reference record is usable with limitations in: arms, risk_of_bias.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: rob tool design incompatible.

Dapagliflozin may improve RAAS markers in diabetes patients

Source evidence could not be resolved sufficiently for this field.

Clinician-reference record is usable with limitations in: design, risk_of_bias.

Patients with newly diagnosed T2DM treated with Dapagliflozin for 3 months.

Dapagliflozin Treatment

All patients were treated with Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day, primary and secondary endpoints were assessed by cardiorenal markers (albumin-to creatinine ratio (ACR) and calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR)), metabolic marker (HbA1c), Anthropometric parameters (BMI and blood pressure), were measured at baseline and follow-up.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: sample size arm total mismatch.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: source evidence unresolved.

Dapagliflozin improves kidney function in early T2DM

Vit E group

Core clinician-reference fields are available or not applicable.

Patients receiving dapagliflozin for 24 weeks.

Dapa group

The Dapa group received 5 mg/day of dapagliflozin post-breakfast (with an optional increase to 10 mg, as determined by the attending physician), while the Vit E group received 150 mg/day of tocopherol acetate (50 mg three times daily post-meal). Both groups continued the daily medication for 24 weeks.

Patients receiving vitamin E for 24 weeks.

Dapagliflozin improves metabolic outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients

Structured population data were available for 2 of 3 supporting studies. 1 study described participants with type 2 diabetes. 2 studies described adult participants.

2 relevant studies have unresolved authoritative design evidence and do not contribute to design-specific or RoB-specific claims.

2 supporting studies do not have a displayable topic-matched quantitative effect.

1 supporting study lacks usable structured population information.

Structured population data were available for 11 of 11 supporting studies. Diabetes type was heterogeneous: 9 studies with type 2 diabetes, 1 studies with type 1 diabetes. 11 studies described adult participants.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: active_comparator, placebo, usual_care.

9 supporting studies have high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

Structured population data were available for 3 of 3 supporting studies. 3 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 2 studies described adult participants.

1 supporting study has high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

2 of 3 studies with duration data have follow-up of 12 weeks or less.

1 study contains conflicting p-value and significance fields; those significance claims are suppressed.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: active_comparator, usual_care.

Structured population data were available for 5 of 5 supporting studies. 3 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 5 studies described adult participants.

3 supporting studies have high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

Structured population data were available for 4 of 4 supporting studies. 2 studies described adult participants.

Structured population data were available for 3 of 3 supporting studies. 2 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 3 studies described adult participants.

1 supporting study does not have a displayable topic-matched quantitative effect.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: baseline_within_group, unknown_unresolved, usual_care.

Structured population data were available for 3 of 3 supporting studies. 1 study described participants with type 2 diabetes. 2 studies described adult participants.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: active_comparator, baseline_within_group.

Structured population data were available for 5 of 5 supporting studies. 4 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 4 studies described adult participants.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: active_comparator, placebo.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: unknown_unresolved, usual_care.

Structured population data were available for 9 of 9 supporting studies. 3 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 7 studies described adult participants.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: baseline_within_group, other, unknown_unresolved, usual_care.

4 supporting studies have high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

Structured population data were available for 4 of 4 supporting studies. 4 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 3 studies described adult participants.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: active_comparator, baseline_within_group, placebo.

Structured population data were available for 3 of 3 supporting studies. 1 study described participants with type 2 diabetes. 3 studies described adult participants.

Upstream consistency scoring indicates mixed findings across the evidence.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: placebo, usual_care.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: active_comparator, unknown_unresolved.

Structured population data were available for 4 of 4 supporting studies. 3 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 4 studies described adult participants.

Structured population data were available for 9 of 9 supporting studies. 9 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 9 studies described adult participants.

Dapagliflozin

Evidence signal

Evidence snapshot

Clinical conclusion

Observed effects

Evidence composition

Consistency

Population and applicability

Limitations

Supporting evidence