Structured population data were available for 5 of 5 supporting studies. 3 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 4 studies described adult participants.

1 supporting study does not have a displayable topic-matched quantitative effect.

1 supporting study has high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

Usual care

Core clinician-reference fields are available or not applicable.

Patients received education through social networks and digital tools in a structured program of healthy lifestyle changes.

Digital Intervention Group

Patients were randomized to digital intervention or usual care. The intervention group received education through social networks and digital tools in a structured program of healthy lifestyle changes.

Patients received standard care with visits to specialists every 3 months.

In the control group, visits to the specialists (ie, endocrinologist) occurred every 3 months and included diabetes education intervention by the nursing staff.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: invalid or missing unit.

Digital intervention improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients

Participants attended a structured training program at home to improve glycemic control and health literacy.

Family-based, health literacy-adapted educational program

The intervention group participated in a structured home education program, while the control group continued to receive standard care during routine visits.

Participants continued receiving usual care, including regular visits to the diabetes outpatient clinic.

Participants in the control group continued receiving usual care, which included regular visits to the DOC.

Educational intervention improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients

Standard advice about dietary modifications

Participants received structured lifestyle modification counseling once a month for six months, including dietary advice, physical activity recommendations, and behavioral strategies.

Structured lifestyle modification counseling

The participants in the intervention group received structured lifestyle modification counseling once a month for six months. These sessions included: nutritional education focused on balanced meals and portion control, a personalized diet chart, and physical activity recommendations tailored to individual capabilities, motivation, and behavioral tips to improve adherence to lifestyle changes.

Participants received only standard advice about dietary modifications, physical activity, and healthy lifestyle choices.

The participants in the control group received only standard advice about dietary modifications, physical activity, and healthy lifestyle choices (one-time lifestyle modification counseling) for diabetes management during a routine OPD visit.

Lifestyle Counseling Improves Weight and BMI in Diabetes

Available source content was suppressed because validation identified a conflict.

Routine Care Group

Participants received 7 weeks of telehealth self-care messages.

Telehealth Group

Participants were randomized to receive 7 weeks of telehealth self-care messages.

Participants received usual care, including a PCP visit and educational handouts.

The remaining (n=75) were assigned to the routine care group.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: invalid or missing value.

Phone-delivered diabetes education improves self-care behaviors

Women with a history of gestational diabetes receiving a structured lifestyle intervention aimed at weight reduction and diabetes prevention.

Intensive lifestyle intervention

A total of 1180 women with a recent history of GDM... were randomized to either an intensive lifestyle intervention (n = 592) or usual care (n = 588) 1–5 years postpartum.

Women with a history of gestational diabetes receiving general information about diabetes awareness and lifestyle changes without a structured program.

The women in the usual care group were given general oral and written information about diabetes awareness, dietary modification, and physical activity increase at baseline and subsequent annual visits.

Usual care × Body weight

Available supporting studies

Digital intervention improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients

Educational intervention improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients

Lifestyle Counseling Improves Weight and BMI in Diabetes

Phone-delivered diabetes education improves self-care behaviors

Weight loss reduces postpartum diabetes risk in women with gestational diabetes