Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 84
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 83
- consistent
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 6 estudios
Add to Evidence TrackerResumen de Investigación
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Adding medications improves blood sugar control in diabetes patients.
Última actualización 17 de julio de 2026
Key finding
HbA1c level decreased by -0.78 ± 0.09%
This study evaluated the effects of adding empagliflozin, pioglitazone, or glimepiride to metformin and DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes, showing improvements in glycemic control.
Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Extended (5–20+ y)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the effects of adding empagliflozin, pioglitazone, or glimepiride to metformin and DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes, showing improvements in glycemic control.
Clinical relevance
Improving glycemic control is crucial for managing type 2 diabetes and reducing the risk of complications. This study provides evidence that adding these medications can enhance treatment effectiveness, offering clinicians more options to tailor diabetes management for their patients.
Keep in mind
Sample size and population characteristics not specified Effectiveness data for some outcomes were unclear Potential confounding factors not controlled for
Published in
Referencia de la Revista
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Yun KC, Jae‐Hyoung C, Sang‐Mo H, et al. The addition of empagliflozin, pioglitazone, or glimepiride to metformin and DPP-4 inhibitors significantly improves glycaemic control in patients with T2D. Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism. 2025;27(11):6375-6385. doi:10.1111/dom.70030
Efectos Principales
Empagliflozin reduced HbA1c levels by -0.78 ± 0.09%
Pioglitazone decreased HbA1c levels by -0.89 ± 0.09%
Glimepiride resulted in four hypoglycemic episodes (6.56%)
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Empagliflozin, Glimepiride, Pioglitazone and HbA1c, Weight change, Frequency of hypoglycemic episodes at 180 minutes.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Empagliflozin
Primary outcomes
- HbA1c
- Weight change
- Frequency of hypoglycemic episodes at 180 minutes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
7
Evidence pairs
7
Relationships
4
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 72
4
Related topics
7
Evidence pairs
525
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 7 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 4 direct semantic evidence topics
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Evidencia principal
Relación de evidencia
SGLT2 Inhibitors and HbA1c
Evidencia relacionada
Relación de evidencia
SGLT2 Inhibitors and Body Weight
Guardar evidencia
Relación de evidencia
Sulfonylureas and Body Weight
Guardar evidencia
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerFrequency of hypoglycemic episodes at 180 minutes
Glimepiride → Frequency of hypoglycemic episodes at 180 minutes
Glimepiride → Frequency of hypoglycemic episodes at 180 minutes
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- 35
- mixed
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 2 estudios
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Strong
- Score 79 · Based on 4 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 88
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 4 estudios
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Library
Build your evidence library
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
La Evidencia Sugiere
- Empagliflozin led to a decrease in HbA1c by -0.78%
- Weight decreased by -1.73 kg with pioglitazone
- Glimepiride was associated with weight gain of 1.11 kg
A quién se aplica
- Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
- Patients currently on metformin and DPP-4 inhibitors
Tener en Cuenta
- Results may not be generalizable to all diabetes populations
- Long-term effects of these medications were not assessed
- Weight changes varied significantly across treatment groups
Entre Líneas
- Sample size and population characteristics not specified
- Effectiveness data for some outcomes were unclear
- Potential confounding factors not controlled for
Evidence Library
Build your evidence library
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on SGLT2 Inhibitors and HbA1c, Thiazolidinediones and HbA1c.
Relaciones de evidencia relacionadas
Explore in Evidence ExplorerThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Medications
SGLT2 Inhibitors → HbA1c
Medications
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 84
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 83
- consistent
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 6 estudios
View evidenceMedications
Thiazolidinediones → HbA1c
Medications
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Strong
- Score 79 · Based on 4 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 88
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 4 estudios
View evidenceMedications
SGLT2 Inhibitors → Body Weight
Medications
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
View evidenceIncluido en estas colecciones de evidencia
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
HbA1c Evidence Hub
All studies measuring HbA1c
6 studies
outcome_hubMeasures HbA1c as a key outcome.
SGLT2 Inhibitors Evidence Hub
All studies on SGLT2 Inhibitors
6 studies
intervention_hubContributes to SGLT2 Inhibitors evidence base.
Thiazolidinediones Evidence Hub
All studies on Thiazolidinediones
4 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Thiazolidinediones evidence base.
Body Weight Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Body Weight
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Body Weight as a key outcome.
Recent Diabetes Research
Latest published studies
recency_collection
Published within the last 2 years.
Explora más en Evidence Explorer
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
All studies on Empagliflozin and HbA1c
Intervention: EmpagliflozinOutcome: HbA1c
6 results
All studies on Pioglitazone and HbA1c
Intervention: PioglitazoneOutcome: HbA1c
4 results
All studies on Empagliflozin
Intervention: Empagliflozin
6 results
All studies on Pioglitazone
Intervention: Pioglitazone
4 results
All studies measuring HbA1c
Outcome: HbA1c
6 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does SGLT2 Inhibitors improve HbA1c?
Strong Evidence
SGLT2 Inhibitors may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 83.6 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 15 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Does SGLT2 Inhibitors affect body weight?
Strong Evidence
SGLT2 Inhibitors may improve Body Weight.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Weight change
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 7 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Sulfonylureas improve HbA1c?
Strong Evidence
Sulfonylureas may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Evidence caveat: The available evidence reports mixed findings.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Sulfonylureas affect body weight?
Strong Evidence
Sulfonylureas may improve Body Weight.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Evidence caveat: The available evidence reports mixed findings.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Weight change
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
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Evidence topics
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Related research
Read related research summaries.
Empagliflozin reduces body fluid volume in type 2 diabetes patientsEmpagliflozin improves heart function in type 2 diabetes patientsEmpagliflozin and Pioglitazone improve heart function in diabetes patientsEmpagliflozin improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patientsEmpagliflozin may reduce kidney disease biomarkers but shows mixed effects on albumin in early diabetes
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