Resumen de Investigación
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™

Automated mHealth Coaching Improves Self-Awareness in Gestational Diabetes Management

Última actualización 4 de septiembre de 2026

Key finding

Only 57/170 users (34%) logged at least one meal.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Habits-GDM application for managing gestational diabetes. Findings indicated limited application usage and self-awareness among users.

Quick read

Study at a glance

The essential study design details in one scan.

EvidenceScore™

Moderate

Study type

RCTs

Follow-up

Short-Term (≤3 mo)

Risk of bias

Some Concerns

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Plain-language summary

What this paper says

A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.

Study focus

This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Habits-GDM application for managing gestational diabetes. Findings indicated limited application usage and self-awareness among users.

Clinical relevance

Understanding how users interact with mHealth applications is crucial for improving gestational diabetes management. The findings highlight the need for better design and user engagement strategies to enhance the effectiveness of such interventions.

Keep in mind

Limited user engagement with the application. Small sample size of users logging meals. Identified gaps in application design.

Published in

Referencia de la Revista

Publication details and source links for this paper.

Shilpa S, Chang SL, Gerald CHK, et al. A Follow-Up Study of a Randomized Controlled Trial Analyzing a Largely Automated mHealth Application-Based Lifestyle Coaching Program for Gestational Diabetes Management. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(12):6670. doi:10.3390/ijerph18126670

Efectos Principales

Only 34% of users logged at least one meal over eight weeks.

An average of 1.85 weight values were logged per week.

43% of users reported increased self-awareness in food choices due to automatic coach messages.

Evidence network

How this study fits

Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.

Evidence Context

This study contributes evidence to GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) and Application usage behavior, Gaps in application design, Self-awareness in food choices, and 1 more.

Primary intervention

GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital)

Primary outcomes

  • Application usage behavior
  • Gaps in application design
  • Self-awareness in food choices

Evidence relationships

Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.

4
Evidence pairs
4
Relationships
1
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence

Editorial context

Why this study matters

See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.

Evidence network role

This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.

Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 51

1

Related topics

4

Evidence pairs

256

Related studies

Why it is useful

  • Contributes to 4 evidence relationships
  • Includes primary outcome data
  • Linked to 0 direct semantic evidence topics

Topic contributions

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

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Evidencia principal

Tema de evidencia

Diabetes Technology

matched_intervention

Core evidence

Study findings

The primary outcomes reported in this study.

Application usage behavior

GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) → Application usage behavior

GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) → Application usage behavior

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

Gaps in application design

GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) → Gaps in application design

GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) → Gaps in application design

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

Self-awareness in food choices

GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) → Self-awareness in food choices

GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) → Self-awareness in food choices

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

Weight tracking behavior

GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) → Weight tracking behavior

GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) → Weight tracking behavior

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

Evidence Library

Build your evidence library

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evidence suggest

La Evidencia Sugiere

  • 57 users engaged with meal logging, indicating low usage.
  • Average weight tracking was 1.85 values per week.
  • 43% of users felt more aware of their food choices.
who this applies

A quién se aplica

  • Pregnant individuals diagnosed with gestational diabetes.
  • Participants interested in mHealth applications for lifestyle changes.
keep in mind

Tener en Cuenta

  • The study's findings may not be generalizable to all populations.
  • Limited engagement suggests the need for better user incentives.
  • Design gaps could hinder the effectiveness of the application.
between the lines

Entre Líneas

  • Limited user engagement with the application.
  • Small sample size of users logging meals.
  • Identified gaps in application design.

Evidence Library

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Connected Evidence

Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.

Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.

This study contributes to evidence on GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) and Application usage behavior, GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) and Gaps in application design.

Relaciones de evidencia relacionadas

Explore in Evidence Explorer

This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.

Incluido en estas colecciones de evidencia

Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.

Explora más en Evidence Explorer

Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.

Questions answered by this study

Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.

Does GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) improve application usage behavior?

Emerging Evidence

GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) appears to improve application usage behavior.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Application usage behavior

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study

Does GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) improve self-awareness in food choices?

Emerging Evidence

GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) appears to improve self-awareness in food choices.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Self-awareness in food choices

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study

Does GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) improve weight tracking behavior?

Emerging Evidence

GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) appears to improve weight tracking behavior.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Weight tracking behavior

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study

Does GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) improve gaps in application design?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of GDM-DH mobile app (Garbhakalin Diabetes athawa Madhumeha-Dhulikhel Hospital) for gaps in application design.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Gaps in application design

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study
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