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Resumen de Investigación
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™

Low-carb diet benefits fade after one year.

Desarrollado con el marco Evidence Intelligence™ de Dediabetes

Última actualización 12 de septiembre de 2026

Key finding

There were no significant differences in HbA1c between the groups (p=0.1).

This study compared the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet and calorie restriction on HbA1c and BMI one year later, finding no significant differences.

Quick read

Study at a glance

The essential study design details in one scan.

EvidenceScore™

Moderate

Study type

RCTs

Follow-up

Long-Term (1–5 y)

Risk of bias

Some Concerns

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Plain-language summary

What this paper says

A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.

Study focus

This study compared the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet and calorie restriction on HbA1c and BMI one year later, finding no significant differences.

Clinical relevance

Understanding the long-term effects of different dietary approaches is crucial for managing conditions like diabetes. This study suggests that while low-carbohydrate diets may offer short-term benefits, they do not provide lasting advantages over calorie restriction, which could influence dietary recommendations for weight management and blood sugar control.

Keep in mind

The study may have a limited sample size affecting generalizability. The long-term adherence to diets was not assessed. Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled.

Published in

Referencia de la Revista

Publication details and source links for this paper.

Junko S, Akio K, Chie H, et al. One year after a low-carbohydrate diet, benefits on HbA1c and BMI do not persist compared to calorie restriction. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(12):e0188892. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0188892

View DOIView on PubMedView on PMC

Efectos Principales

No significant difference in HbA1c between the low-carbohydrate diet and calorie restriction (p=0.1).

No significant difference in BMI between the low-carbohydrate diet and calorie restriction (p=0.12).

Evidence network

How this study fits

Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.

Evidence Context

This study contributes evidence to Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet, Low-carbohydrate diet and BMI, HbA1c.

This study contributes evidence to

Intervention

Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet

Outcome

BMI

Evidence topic

Dietary Patterns

Primary intervention

Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet

Primary outcomes

  • BMI
  • HbA1c

Evidence topics

Dietary PatternsHbA1c ReductionWeight Loss

Primary intervention

Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet

Primary outcomes

BMIHbA1c

Evidence relationships

Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.

4
Evidence pairs
4
Relationships
3
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence

Editorial context

Why this study matters

See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.

Evidence network role

This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.

Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 68

3

Related topics

4

Evidence pairs

1787

Related studies

High relevance in at least one topic

Why it is useful

  • Contributes to 4 evidence relationships
  • Includes primary outcome data
  • Linked to 3 direct semantic evidence topics

Topic contributions

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

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Evidencia principal

Relación de evidencia

Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education and HbA1c

Evidencia relacionada

Relación de evidencia

Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education and Body Mass Index

Guardar evidencia

Tema de evidencia

Dietary Patterns

Guardar evidencia

Core evidence

Study findings

The primary outcomes reported in this study.

BMI

Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet → BMI

Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet → BMI

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

HbA1c

Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet → HbA1c

Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet → HbA1c

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

BMI

Low-carbohydrate diet → BMI

Low-carbohydrate diet → BMI

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
83
Strong
ImpactScore™
92
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
83
consistent
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 6 estudios
Add to Evidence Tracker

HbA1c

Low-carbohydrate diet → HbA1c

Low-carbohydrate diet → HbA1c

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
86
Strong
ImpactScore™
82
Positive
ConsistencyScore™
65
generally_consistent
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 24 estudios
Add to Evidence Tracker

Evidence Library

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evidence suggest

La Evidencia Sugiere

  • Both diets showed no change in HbA1c after one year (p=0.1).
  • Both diets showed no change in BMI after one year (p=0.12).
who this applies

A quién se aplica

  • Adults with diabetes or prediabetes.
  • Individuals seeking weight management strategies.
keep in mind

Tener en Cuenta

  • Results may not apply to populations outside the study sample.
  • Short-term benefits of low-carb diets may not translate to long-term outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to explore adherence to dietary interventions.
between the lines

Entre Líneas

  • The study may have a limited sample size affecting generalizability.
  • The long-term adherence to diets was not assessed.
  • Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled.

Evidence Library

Build your evidence library

Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.

Connected Evidence

Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.

Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.

Desarrollado con el marco Evidence Intelligence™ de Dediabetes

This study contributes to evidence on Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education and HbA1c, Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education and Body Mass Index.

Relaciones de evidencia relacionadas

Explore in Evidence Explorer

This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.

Questions answered by this study

Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.

Does Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education lower HbA1c?

Strong Evidence

Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education may lower HbA1c.

ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    HbA1c

    EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 86.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on 28 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.

28 supporting studies
View Full Evidence

Does Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education affect body mass index?

Strong Evidence

Low-Carbohydrate Diet Education appears to affect body mass index.

ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    BMI

    EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 83.3 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on 7 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.

7 supporting studies
View Full Evidence

Does Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet affect BMI?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear effect of Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet on BMI.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    BMI

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study
View Full Evidence

Does Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet lower HbA1c?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet for HbA1c.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    HbA1c

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study
View Full Evidence
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Next steps

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Evidence topics

Follow the topics this study contributes to.

Dietary Patterns Evidence HubHbA1c Reduction Evidence HubWeight Loss Evidence Hub

Explore in Evidence Explorer

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All studies on Low-carbohydrate diet and HbA1cAll studies on Low-carbohydrate diet and BMIAll studies on Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet and BMIAll studies on Calorie-restricted vegetarian diet and HbA1c

Related research

Read related research summaries.

Carbohydrate restriction lowers HbA1c but not β-cell function in T2DFood-based diet improves weight and glycaemic control in type 2 diabetesModerate Carbohydrate Diet Improves Glycemic Control in Type 1 DiabetesKetogenic diet improves weight and blood glucose control in type 2 diabetesLow-Carbohydrate Diet Improves Glycemic Control in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

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