Última actualización 5 de julio de 2026
Key finding
HOMA2-B significantly increased with dulaglutide and tirzepatide 5, 10, and 15 mg compared with placebo (P ≤ .02).
This study compared tirzepatide and dulaglutide in improving insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in adults with type 2 diabetes, finding tirzepatide more effective.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
High Risk
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study compared tirzepatide and dulaglutide in improving insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in adults with type 2 diabetes, finding tirzepatide more effective.
Improving insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function is crucial for managing type 2 diabetes effectively. The findings suggest that tirzepatide may offer a more effective treatment option, potentially leading to better long-term outcomes for patients.
The study's population may not represent all adults with type 2 diabetes. Long-term effects of tirzepatide were not assessed in this trial. Sample size and duration may limit the generalizability of the findings.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Melissa KT, Amir N, Ross B, et al. Tirzepatide Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Beta-Cell Function Compared to Dulaglutide in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2021;106(2):388-396. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaa863
Tirzepatide 10 and 15 mg significantly decreased fasting insulin levels by 2.5 µU/mL (P ≤ .033).
Proinsulin/insulin ratios significantly decreased with tirzepatide 10 and 15 mg compared to placebo and dulaglutide (P ≤ .007).
HOMA2-B significantly increased with tirzepatide and dulaglutide compared to placebo (P ≤ .02).
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Dulaglutide, Tirzepatide and Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2-B), Adiponectin, Fasting insulin levels, and 4 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Dulaglutide
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
2
Related topics
8
Evidence pairs
193
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Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Evidencia principal
Relación de evidencia
Evidencia relacionada
Relación de evidencia
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Tema de evidencia
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Dulaglutide → Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2-B)
Dulaglutide → Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2-B)
Tirzepatide → Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2-B)
Tirzepatide → Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2-B)
Tirzepatide → Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) change
Tirzepatide → Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) change
Tirzepatide → Proinsulin/insulin ratio
Tirzepatide → Proinsulin/insulin ratio
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Insulin Resistance, GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2-B).
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Medications
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Contributes to GLP-1 Receptor Agonists evidence base.
All studies measuring Insulin Resistance
Measures Insulin Resistance as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2-B)
Measures Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2-B) as a key outcome.
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2 results
1 results
2 results
1 results
2 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists appears to improve Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Adiponectin
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 7 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists appears to improve Insulin Resistance.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Fasting insulin levels
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) change
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 5 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
Dulaglutide appears to improve Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2-B).
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2-B)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Tirzepatide appears to improve Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2-B).
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2-B)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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