StrongDecrease
Anxiety score
Structured multidisciplinary case management → Anxiety score
Structured multidisciplinary case management → Anxiety score
Evidence profile
StrongDecreasePatient-Reported
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Research Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Linkage Program Improves Blood Glucose Management in Elderly Diabetes Patients
Key finding
The linkage program group demonstrated significant reductions in the average number of hypoglycemic events (3.81 vs. 4.13, P = 0.015).
A value-based hospital-community-family linkage program improved blood glucose management in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes compared to conventional management.
Evidence strength
Moderate confidence
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Some Concerns bias
Last updated July 8, 2026Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
Population
Young Adult (19–39), Middle Aged (40-64), Male, Female, Asia-Pacific (APAC), with T2 Diabetes
Intervention
Hospital-community-family linkage program, Conventional management
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Primary outcome
Incidence of hypoglycemic events
Comparator
Conventional Management Group
Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study's main message and where it applies.
Study focus
A value-based hospital-community-family linkage program improved blood glucose management in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes compared to conventional management.
Clinical relevance
Improving blood glucose management in elderly patients is crucial to prevent complications associated with diabetes. The findings suggest that integrating community and family support into diabetes care can lead to better health outcomes, potentially reducing healthcare costs and improving quality of life for patients.
Keep in mind
The study's effectiveness remains unclear due to limited evidence on some outcomes. Results may not be generalizable beyond the studied population. Sample size and demographic diversity were not specified.
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Xiaojing Z, Haiyan D, Fafa Y, Maoying W, Yuan C, Jiong W. Value-Based Hospital-Community-Family Linkage Program Improves Blood Glucose Management in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Frontiers in Medicine. 2025;12:1656364. doi:10.3389/fmed.2025.1656364
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Main Effects
The linkage program group showed a decrease in hypoglycemic events by 0.32 events (P = 0.015).
Fasting plasma glucose improved by 0.53 mmol/L in the linkage program group (P = 0.013).
Anxiety levels decreased by 15.13% in the linkage program group (P = 0.005).
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Structured multidisciplinary case management and Anxiety score, Average daily dose of antidiabetic medications required by participants, Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), and 1 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Structured multidisciplinary case management
Primary outcomes
- Anxiety score
- Average daily dose of antidiabetic medications required by participants
- Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
4
Evidence pairs
4
Relationships
2
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 68
2
Related topics
4
Evidence pairs
152
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 4 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 2 direct semantic evidence topics
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
StrongDecrease
Average daily dose of antidiabetic medications required by participants
Structured multidisciplinary case management → Average daily dose of antidiabetic medications required by participants
Structured multidisciplinary case management → Average daily dose of antidiabetic medications required by participants
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseGlycemic Control
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StrongDecrease
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Structured multidisciplinary case management → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Structured multidisciplinary case management → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseGlycemic Control
Unlock full evidence details
StrongDecrease
Hypoglycemia events
Structured multidisciplinary case management → Hypoglycemia events
Structured multidisciplinary case management → Hypoglycemia events
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseSafety
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Create a free account to access effectiveness ratings, evidence strength and depth scores, consistency analysis, and direct links to all supporting studies.
Evidence Suggest
- Linkage program reduced hypoglycemic events by 0.32 events.
- Fasting plasma glucose improved by 0.53 mmol/L.
- Anxiety levels decreased by 15.13%.
Who this applies to
- Elderly patients aged 65 and older.
- Individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
Keep in Mind
- Findings may not apply to younger populations or those with type 1 diabetes.
- Further research is needed to confirm long-term benefits.
- The study's specific population characteristics may limit broader applicability.
Between the Lines
- The study's effectiveness remains unclear due to limited evidence on some outcomes.
- Results may not be generalizable beyond the studied population.
- Sample size and demographic diversity were not specified.
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs and Fasting Glucose, Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs and Mental Health.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ArchiveThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) ProgramsFasting Glucose
Behavioral & Lifestyle
2 studies
Detailed evidenceDiabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) ProgramsMental Health
Behavioral & Lifestyle
1 studies
Detailed evidenceIncluded in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs Evidence Hub
All studies on Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs
2 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs evidence base.
Fasting Glucose Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Fasting Glucose
2 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Fasting Glucose as a key outcome.
Mental Health Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Mental Health
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Mental Health as a key outcome.
Recent Diabetes Research
Latest published studies
recency_collection
Published within the last 2 years.
Explore more in the evidence archive
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All studies on Structured multidisciplinary case management and Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Intervention: Structured multidisciplinary case managementOutcome: Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
2 results
All studies on Structured multidisciplinary case management and Anxiety score
Intervention: Structured multidisciplinary case managementOutcome: Anxiety score
1 results
All studies on Structured multidisciplinary case management
Intervention: Structured multidisciplinary case management
2 results
All studies measuring Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Outcome: Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
2 results
All studies measuring Anxiety score
Outcome: Anxiety score
1 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs affect hypoglycemia?
Emerging Evidence
Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs appears to improve Hypoglycemia.
ConsensusScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Evidence caveat: The available evidence reports mixed findings.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Hypoglycemia events
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 53.0 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs improve mental health?
Emerging Evidence
Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs appears to improve Mental Health.
ConsensusScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Evidence caveat: The available evidence reports mixed findings.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Anxiety score
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 53.0 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs improve fasting glucose?
Emerging Evidence
Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs appears to improve Fasting Glucose.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 57.1 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 7 supporting studies and existing graph evidence signals.
Limitations
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Structured multidisciplinary case management improve average daily dose of antidiabetic medications required by participants?
Emerging Evidence
Structured multidisciplinary case management appears to improve Average daily dose of antidiabetic medications required by participants.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Average daily dose of antidiabetic medications required by participants
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 53.0 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
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Evidence topics
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All studies on Structured multidisciplinary case management and Hypoglycemia eventsAll studies on Structured multidisciplinary case management and Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)All studies on Structured multidisciplinary case management and Anxiety scoreAll studies on Structured multidisciplinary case management and Average daily dose of antidiabetic medications required by participants
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