Structured population data were available for 3 of 3 supporting studies. 2 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 3 studies described adult participants.

2 supporting studies do not have a displayable topic-matched quantitative effect.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: active_comparator, usual_care.

Available source content was suppressed because validation identified a conflict.

DCR alone

Core clinician-reference fields are available or not applicable.

Participants received early time-restricted eating with daily caloric restriction.

E-TRE plus DCR

Eighty-one adults with overweight or obesity (age 18-50 years, BMI 27-45 kg/m 2) were randomized to E-TRE (10-hour eating window starting within 3 hours of waking) plus DCR (35% daily caloric restriction) or DCR alone for 12 weeks.

Participants received daily caloric restriction alone.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: invalid or missing unit.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: invalid or missing value.

Early time-restricted eating may improve glucose profiles in adults with obesity

Mediterranean-style control diet

Participants followed a diet restricting carbohydrate intake to the first two meals of the day.

eTRC diet

Participants were randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to follow either an eTRC diet or a Mediterranean-style (Med) control diet matched in energy restriction and macronutrient composition for 12 consecutive weeks.

Participants followed a Mediterranean-style diet with matched energy restriction and macronutrient distribution.

Time-restricted diet aids glucose control in diabetes

Control diet

Participants followed a 10-h restricted feeding treatment program for 12 weeks.

Time-Restricted Feeding Group

Sixty patients participated in a 10-h restricted feeding treatment program (ad libitum feeding from 8:00 to 18:00 h; fasting between 18:00 and 8:00 h) for 12 weeks.

Participants maintained their normal diet throughout the trial.

The control group was asked to maintain their normal diet throughout the trial.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: sample size arm total mismatch.

Time-Restricted Eating (TRE) × Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)

Available supporting studies

Early time-restricted eating may improve glucose profiles in adults with obesity

Time-restricted diet aids glucose control in diabetes

Time-restricted feeding improves blood glucose and weight in type 2 diabetes