Structured population data were available for 4 of 4 supporting studies. 4 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 3 studies described adult participants.

2 supporting studies do not have a displayable topic-matched quantitative effect.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: baseline_within_group, unknown_unresolved, usual_care.

1 supporting study has high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

3 of 4 studies with duration data have follow-up of 12 weeks or less.

Not applicable to this study design or comparison.

Not reported in the authoritative source.

Available source content was suppressed because validation identified a conflict.

Not extracted from the authoritative source.

Clinician-reference record is usable with limitations in: design, risk_of_bias.

Participants followed a three-phase diet plan over 48 weeks, including a homemade meal replacement of 800 calories for the first 12 weeks.

Homemade Very Low Calorie Diet

Individuals with a BMI > 35 kg/m2 and prediabetes or type 2 diabetes for less than 4 years followed a three-phase diet plan over 48 weeks, including a homemade meal replacement of 800 calorie for the first 12 weeks.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: authoritative design unavailable.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: invalid or missing value.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: sample size arm total mismatch.

Homemade VLCD improves weight loss in type 2 diabetes

Standard care

Core clinician-reference fields are available or not applicable.

Participants received a structured low-calorie diet intervention for 6 weeks.

Low-calorie diet (LCD)

Twenty obese T2D patients were randomized into an intervention group (n=15) (6-week 1000–1200 kcal/day of glycemic and metabolic control LCD)

Participants received standard care without the low-calorie diet intervention.

Twenty obese T2D patients were randomized into a matched control group (n=5)

Authoritative quality diagnostic: invalid or missing unit.

Low-Calorie Diet Improves Metabolic Control in Obese T2 Diabetes Patients

Clinician-reference record is usable with limitations in: comparator.

Participants received a VLCD for 8 weeks followed by a 4-week transition period.

Very-low-calorie diet (VLCD)

Twenty Thai patients with DM and obesity were enrolled. After a 2-week trial, VLCD (600 kcal/day) was continued for 8 weeks, followed by a 4-week transition period.

Very-low-calorie diet improves diabetes remission in Thai patients.

Obese controls

Lean controls

Patients followed a very low calorie diet and an exercise program for 16 weeks.

VLCD + exercise

We randomly assigned 13 of the 27 patients to simultaneously follow an exercise program.

Patients followed a very low calorie diet for 16 weeks without exercise.

VLCD only

The following fit candidates were assigned to the VLCD-only intervention.

Obese control subjects matched for gender, age, race, and geographical area.

Obese control subjects were matched for BMI as well.

Lean control subjects matched for gender, age, race, and geographical area.

Control subjects were matched for gender, age, race and geographical area.

Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet × HbA1c

Available supporting studies

Homemade VLCD improves weight loss in type 2 diabetes

Low-Calorie Diet Improves Metabolic Control in Obese T2 Diabetes Patients

Very-low-calorie diet improves diabetes remission in Thai patients.

Very low calorie diets improve metabolic health in obese diabetes patients.