Last updated July 17, 2026
Key finding
Mean weight loss of 15 kg at 48 weeks.
This study evaluated a homemade very low calorie diet for weight loss in obese individuals with prediabetes or early onset type 2 diabetes, showing significant weight loss and improvements in several health markers.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated a homemade very low calorie diet for weight loss in obese individuals with prediabetes or early onset type 2 diabetes, showing significant weight loss and improvements in several health markers.
These findings are clinically significant as they suggest that a homemade very low calorie diet can effectively aid in weight loss and improve metabolic health in individuals at risk of diabetes. This approach may offer a practical and accessible dietary intervention for managing obesity and prediabetes, potentially reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Non-randomized design may introduce bias. Single-arm study limits comparison with control groups. Results may not be generalizable to broader populations.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Kirsty AH, Charlotte H, Andrew T, et al. Homemade Very Low Calorie Diet for Weight Loss in Obese Individuals with Prediabetes or Early Onset Type 2 Diabetes. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics. 2025;38(5):e70128. doi:10.1111/jhn.70128
Mean weight loss of 15 kg at 48 weeks.
Significant decrease in waist circumference (p < 0.001).
Significant reduction in HbA1c levels up to 24 weeks (p < 0.001).
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet and Body weight, Change in protein carbonyl levels, HbA1c, and 4 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
4
Related topics
7
Evidence pairs
859
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Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence relationship
Related evidence
Evidence relationship
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Evidence relationship
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Body weight
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Body weight
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Change in protein carbonyl levels
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Change in protein carbonyl levels
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Oxidised LDL
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Oxidised LDL
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Quality of life
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Quality of life
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Self-regulation of Eating Behaviour
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Self-regulation of Eating Behaviour
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Waist circumference
Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet → Waist circumference
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Ketogenic Diets and Body Weight, Ketogenic Diets and Body Composition.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diet and Nutrition
Diet and Nutrition
Diet and Nutrition
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Body Composition
Measures Body Composition as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Body Weight
Measures Body Weight as a key outcome.
All studies on Ketogenic Diets
Contributes to Ketogenic Diets evidence base.
All studies measuring Quality of Life Outcomes
Measures Quality of Life Outcomes as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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3 results
3 results
3 results
3 results
3 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Ketogenic Diets appears to improve Body Weight.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Body weight
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 76.2 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 3 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
Ketogenic Diets appears to improve Body Composition.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Waist circumference
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 74.8 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 3 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
Ketogenic Diets appears to improve Quality of Life Outcomes.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Quality of life
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a small number of supporting studies and should be interpreted cautiously.
Limitations
Ketogenic Diets may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 68.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a small number of supporting studies and should be interpreted cautiously.
Limitations
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