Structured population data were available for 4 of 4 supporting studies. 2 studies described adult participants.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: baseline_within_group, usual_care.

3 supporting studies have high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

1 study contains conflicting p-value and significance fields; those significance claims are suppressed.

Core clinician-reference fields are available or not applicable.

Twelve group-based sessions and two individual counselling sessions over 12 months, delivered by trained community volunteers

Co-HELP community-based lifestyle intervention

Usual care

Authoritative quality diagnostic: invalid confidence interval.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: invalid or missing value.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: p value significance conflict.

Community lifestyle programme improves multiple diabetes risk factors in adults with prediabetes

6-h session at baseline followed by 3-h refresher sessions at 12 and 24 mo; 15-min telephone call every 3 mo

Let's Prevent Diabetes programme (intervention)

Standard care

Engagement in a prediabetes education programme is linked to lower type 2 diabetes risk

One individual and ten group sessions focused on lifestyle changes were provided followed by six telephone sessions and two motivational letters over a period of 10 months; free physical activity sessions were offered twice a week from week four

DE-PLAN lifestyle intervention programme

Lifestyle programme linked to lasting weight loss in some adults at high diabetes risk

One individual session (60-90 min), five group sessions (90 min each), and two telephone sessions (15-20 min). Only 10% attended all sessions, 53% attended one individual + at least one group, 34% attended none.

MAGDA-DPP lifestyle modification programme

Postnatal lifestyle programme prevents weight gain after gestational diabetes

Structured population data were available for 2 of 3 supporting studies. 1 study described participants with type 2 diabetes. 2 studies described adult participants.

2 relevant studies have unresolved authoritative design evidence and do not contribute to design-specific or RoB-specific claims.

2 supporting studies do not have a displayable topic-matched quantitative effect.

1 supporting study lacks usable structured population information.

2 supporting studies have high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

Structured population data were available for 11 of 11 supporting studies. Diabetes type was heterogeneous: 9 studies with type 2 diabetes, 1 studies with type 1 diabetes. 11 studies described adult participants.

1 relevant study has unresolved authoritative design evidence and does not contribute to design-specific or RoB-specific claims.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: active_comparator, placebo, usual_care.

9 supporting studies have high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

Structured population data were available for 3 of 3 supporting studies. 3 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 3 studies described adult participants.

Structured population data were available for 3 of 3 supporting studies. 3 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 2 studies described adult participants.

1 supporting study has high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

2 of 3 studies with duration data have follow-up of 12 weeks or less.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: active_comparator, usual_care.

Structured population data were available for 5 of 5 supporting studies. 3 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 5 studies described adult participants.

Structured population data were available for 3 of 3 supporting studies. 2 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 3 studies described adult participants.

1 supporting study does not have a displayable topic-matched quantitative effect.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: baseline_within_group, unknown_unresolved, usual_care.

Structured population data were available for 3 of 3 supporting studies. 1 study described participants with type 2 diabetes. 2 studies described adult participants.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: active_comparator, baseline_within_group.

Structured population data were available for 5 of 5 supporting studies. 4 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 4 studies described adult participants.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: active_comparator, placebo.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: unknown_unresolved, usual_care.

Structured population data were available for 9 of 9 supporting studies. 3 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 7 studies described adult participants.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: baseline_within_group, other, unknown_unresolved, usual_care.

4 supporting studies have high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

Structured population data were available for 4 of 4 supporting studies. 4 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 3 studies described adult participants.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: active_comparator, baseline_within_group, placebo.

Structured population data were available for 3 of 3 supporting studies. 1 study described participants with type 2 diabetes. 3 studies described adult participants.

Upstream consistency scoring indicates mixed findings across the evidence.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: placebo, usual_care.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: active_comparator, unknown_unresolved.

Structured population data were available for 4 of 4 supporting studies. 3 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 4 studies described adult participants.

Structured population data were available for 9 of 9 supporting studies. 9 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 9 studies described adult participants.

Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes × Waist circumference

Available supporting studies

Community lifestyle programme improves multiple diabetes risk factors in adults with prediabetes

Engagement in a prediabetes education programme is linked to lower type 2 diabetes risk

Lifestyle programme linked to lasting weight loss in some adults at high diabetes risk

Postnatal lifestyle programme prevents weight gain after gestational diabetes