Resumen de Investigación
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™

Dapagliflozin reduces IL-1B but does not improve cardiac fibrosis in T2D patients.

Última actualización 6 de julio de 2026

Key finding

Plasma IL-1B was reduced (−1.8 pg/mL, P = 0.003)

This study investigated the effects of dapagliflozin on cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients, revealing significant changes in plasma IL-1B and ketones.

Quick read

Study at a glance

The essential study design details in one scan.

EvidenceScore™

Moderate

Study type

RCTs

Follow-up

Long-Term (1–5 y)

Risk of bias

Some Concerns

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Plain-language summary

What this paper says

A plain-language read of the study's main message and where it applies.

Study focus

This study investigated the effects of dapagliflozin on cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients, revealing significant changes in plasma IL-1B and ketones.

Clinical relevance

These findings suggest that dapagliflozin may provide cardiovascular benefits for diabetic patients by reducing inflammation and altering metabolic markers. Understanding these mechanisms could lead to better management strategies for diabetes-related cardiovascular risks.

Keep in mind

Limited to a specific population of diabetic patients. Short follow-up period of 12 months may not capture long-term effects. No significant changes in several cardiovascular metrics.

Published in

Referencia de la Revista

Publication details and source links for this paper.

Dennis DW, Anna VN, Daniel I, et al. Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors significantly improve cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients; however, the mechanism is unclear. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2024;23:197. doi:10.1186/s12933-024-02294-z

Efectos Principales

Plasma IL-1B was reduced by −1.8 pg/mL (P = 0.003).

Plasma ketones increased by 0.26 mM (P = 0.0001).

PBMC maximal oxygen consumption rate did not change in the dapagliflozin group.

Evidence network

How this study fits

Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.

Evidence Context

This study contributes evidence to Dapagliflozin and Extracellular volume, Global myocardial strain, Plasma IL-1B, and 2 more.

Primary intervention

Dapagliflozin

Primary outcomes

  • Extracellular volume
  • Global myocardial strain
  • Plasma IL-1B

Evidence relationships

Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.

5
Evidence pairs
5
Relationships
1
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence

Editorial context

Why this study matters

See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.

Evidence network role

This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.

Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 59

1

Related topics

5

Evidence pairs

19

Related studies

High relevance in at least one topic

Why it is useful

  • Contributes to 5 evidence relationships
  • Includes primary outcome data
  • Linked to 1 direct semantic evidence topic

Topic contributions

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

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Evidencia principal

Tema de evidencia

SGLT2 Inhibitors

matched_intervention

Core evidence

Study findings

The primary outcomes reported in this study.

Extracellular volume

Dapagliflozin → Extracellular volume

Dapagliflozin → Extracellular volume

Evidence Intelligence™
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Global myocardial strain

Dapagliflozin → Global myocardial strain

Dapagliflozin → Global myocardial strain

Evidence Intelligence™
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Plasma IL-1B

Dapagliflozin → Plasma IL-1B

Dapagliflozin → Plasma IL-1B

Evidence Intelligence™
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Plasma ketones

Dapagliflozin → Plasma ketones

Dapagliflozin → Plasma ketones

Evidence Intelligence™
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

T2 relaxation time change

Dapagliflozin → T2 relaxation time change

Dapagliflozin → T2 relaxation time change

Evidence Intelligence™
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

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Today's Activity

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Evidence Tracker

12 tracked topics

Saved Studies

48 studies

Research Notes

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Weekly Evidence Digest

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evidence suggest

La Evidencia Sugiere

  • Dapagliflozin significantly reduced plasma IL-1B levels.
  • Plasma ketones increased significantly with dapagliflozin treatment.
  • PBMC maximal oxygen consumption rate decreased in the placebo group.
who this applies

A quién se aplica

  • Adults with type 2 diabetes.
  • Patients at risk for cardiovascular disease.
keep in mind

Tener en Cuenta

  • Results may not be generalizable to non-diabetic populations.
  • Further studies are needed to explore long-term effects.
  • The study did not measure all potential cardiovascular outcomes.
between the lines

Entre Líneas

  • Limited to a specific population of diabetic patients.
  • Short follow-up period of 12 months may not capture long-term effects.
  • No significant changes in several cardiovascular metrics.

Save this study

Keep this study in your Evidence Tracker so you can easily find it again whenever you need it.

Today's Activity

Your Evidence Workspace

Free account

Saved this study

Your free account becomes your personal diabetes evidence workspace.

Evidence Tracker

12 tracked topics

Saved Studies

48 studies

Research Notes

Coming Soon

Weekly Evidence Digest

Coming Soon

Already have an account?

Connected Evidence

Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.

Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.

This study contributes to evidence on SGLT2 Inhibitors and Extracellular volume, SGLT2 Inhibitors and Global myocardial strain.

Relaciones de evidencia relacionadas

Explore in Evidence Archive

This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.

Questions answered by this study

Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.

Does Dapagliflozin improve plasma il-1b?

Emerging Evidence

Dapagliflozin appears to improve Plasma IL-1B.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Plasma IL-1B

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Consistency cannot yet be determined.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Jul 2026

Does Dapagliflozin improve plasma ketones?

Emerging Evidence

Dapagliflozin appears to improve Plasma ketones.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Plasma ketones

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Consistency cannot yet be determined.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Jul 2026

Does Dapagliflozin improve extracellular volume?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Dapagliflozin for Extracellular volume.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Extracellular volume

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Consistency cannot yet be determined.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Jul 2026

Does Dapagliflozin improve global myocardial strain?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Dapagliflozin for Global myocardial strain.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Global myocardial strain

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Consistency cannot yet be determined.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Jul 2026
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