Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 84
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 83
- consistent
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 6 estudios
Add to Evidence TrackerResumen de Investigación
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Intermittent Fasting Diet Improves Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes
Última actualización 15 de julio de 2026
Key finding
HbA1c decreased by 1.9% (SE, 0.2%)
This study investigated the effects of a 16-week intermittent fasting meal replacement diet on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes, finding significant reductions in HbA1c and body weight.
Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
High Risk
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Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study investigated the effects of a 16-week intermittent fasting meal replacement diet on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes, finding significant reductions in HbA1c and body weight.
Clinical relevance
These findings highlight the potential of dietary interventions, such as intermittent fasting, in managing type 2 diabetes. With obesity and poor glycemic control being significant risk factors for complications, effective dietary strategies can empower patients and clinicians to improve health outcomes and reduce reliance on medications.
Keep in mind
Exact values for some outcomes were not reported Effectiveness of interventions remains unclear for several outcomes Limited generalizability due to specific population characteristics
Published in
Referencia de la Revista
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Lixin G, Yue X, Wenbo J, et al. Effect of a 16-Week Intermittent Fasting Meal Replacement Diet on Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. JAMA Network Open. 2024;7(6):e2416786. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.16786
Efectos Principales
HbA1c decreased by 1.9%
Body weight decreased by 9.7 kg
BMI decreased significantly
Waist circumference decreased significantly
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Empagliflozin, Gliclazide sustained release, Metformin and HbA1c, BMI, Body weight, and 8 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Empagliflozin
Primary outcomes
- HbA1c
- BMI
- Body weight
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
13
Evidence pairs
13
Relationships
8
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 68
8
Related topics
13
Evidence pairs
1338
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 13 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 8 direct semantic evidence topics
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Evidencia principal
Relación de evidencia
SGLT2 Inhibitors and HbA1c
Evidencia relacionada
Relación de evidencia
Metformin Therapies and HbA1c
Guardar evidencia
Relación de evidencia
Sulfonylureas and Body Weight
Guardar evidencia
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 35
- mixed
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 2 estudios
Add to Evidence TrackerFasting insulin levels
Gliclazide sustained release → Fasting insulin levels
Gliclazide sustained release → Fasting insulin levels
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerFasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Gliclazide sustained release → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Gliclazide sustained release → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 35
- mixed
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 2 estudios
Add to Evidence TrackerHDL cholesterol
Gliclazide sustained release → HDL cholesterol
Gliclazide sustained release → HDL cholesterol
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerLDL cholesterol
Gliclazide sustained release → LDL cholesterol
Gliclazide sustained release → LDL cholesterol
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerTotal cholesterol
Gliclazide sustained release → Total cholesterol
Gliclazide sustained release → Total cholesterol
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerTriglycerides
Gliclazide sustained release → Triglycerides
Gliclazide sustained release → Triglycerides
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerWaist circumference
Gliclazide sustained release → Waist circumference
Gliclazide sustained release → Waist circumference
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 85
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 82
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 67
- generally_consistent
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 11 estudios
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Library
Build your evidence library
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
La Evidencia Sugiere
- HbA1c levels decreased by 1.9%
- Body weight reduced by 9.7 kg
- Significant improvements in metabolic parameters were observed
A quién se aplica
- Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
- Individuals seeking dietary interventions for diabetes management
Tener en Cuenta
- Results may not apply to all populations with diabetes
- Long-term effects of the diet were not assessed
- Further research is needed to clarify effectiveness across diverse groups
Entre Líneas
- Exact values for some outcomes were not reported
- Effectiveness of interventions remains unclear for several outcomes
- Limited generalizability due to specific population characteristics
Evidence Library
Build your evidence library
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Metformin Therapies and HbA1c, SGLT2 Inhibitors and Body Weight.
Relaciones de evidencia relacionadas
Explore in Evidence ExplorerThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Medications
Metformin Therapies → HbA1c
Medications
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 85
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 82
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 67
- generally_consistent
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 11 estudios
View evidenceMedications
SGLT2 Inhibitors → Body Weight
Medications
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 84
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 70
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 80
- consistent
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 5 estudios
View evidenceMedications
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
View evidenceIncluido en estas colecciones de evidencia
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
HbA1c Evidence Hub
All studies measuring HbA1c
11 studies
outcome_hubMeasures HbA1c as a key outcome.
Metformin Therapies Evidence Hub
All studies on Metformin Therapies
11 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Metformin Therapies evidence base.
Body Weight Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Body Weight
5 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Body Weight as a key outcome.
SGLT2 Inhibitors Evidence Hub
All studies on SGLT2 Inhibitors
5 studies
intervention_hubContributes to SGLT2 Inhibitors evidence base.
Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers as a key outcome.
Explora más en Evidence Explorer
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
All studies on Metformin and HbA1c
Intervention: MetforminOutcome: HbA1c
11 results
All studies on Empagliflozin and Body weight
Intervention: EmpagliflozinOutcome: Body weight
5 results
All studies on Metformin
Intervention: Metformin
11 results
All studies on Empagliflozin
Intervention: Empagliflozin
5 results
All studies measuring HbA1c
Outcome: HbA1c
11 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does SGLT2 Inhibitors improve HbA1c?
Strong Evidence
SGLT2 Inhibitors may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 83.6 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 15 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Metformin Therapies improve HbA1c?
Strong Evidence
Metformin Therapies appears to improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 85.2 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 13 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Sulfonylureas improve HbA1c?
Strong Evidence
Sulfonylureas may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Evidence caveat: The available evidence reports mixed findings.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Sulfonylureas affect body weight?
Strong Evidence
Sulfonylureas may improve Body Weight.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Evidence caveat: The available evidence reports mixed findings.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Body weight
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
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Evidence topics
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