Última actualización 3 de julio de 2026
Key finding
The Protein Group showed a significant reduction in HOMA-IR (p = 0.03)
This study investigated the effects of resistance training combined with protein or carbohydrate supplementation on muscle strength and insulin resistance in older adults with type 2 diabetes. The protein group showed significant improvement in insulin resistance.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Extended (5–20+ y)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
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Study focus
This study investigated the effects of resistance training combined with protein or carbohydrate supplementation on muscle strength and insulin resistance in older adults with type 2 diabetes. The protein group showed significant improvement in insulin resistance.
This research highlights the potential benefits of incorporating protein supplementation into resistance training for older adults with type 2 diabetes. Improved insulin resistance can lead to better diabetes management and overall health outcomes, making it a valuable consideration for clinicians and patients alike.
The study did not measure long-term effects beyond the intervention period. Sample size and demographic characteristics may limit generalizability. No significant changes were observed in muscle thickness or lipid profiles.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Juliana LR, Matheus HDSL, Marcus VG, et al. Effects of Resistance Training Combined with Protein or Carbohydrate Supplementation on Muscle Strength and Insulin Resistance in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. 2026;38(1):128. doi:10.1007/s40520-026-03374-8
The Protein Group showed a significant reduction in HOMA-IR by -2.7 units (p = 0.03), indicating improved insulin resistance.
Resistance training improved muscle strength by 0.5 kg across all groups.
Carbohydrate supplementation showed no metabolic effect on insulin resistance.
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Maltodextrin Group (20 g maltodextrin), whey protein 20g and Insulin resistance, Muscular strength, lipid profiles.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Maltodextrin Group (20 g maltodextrin)
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
0
Related topics
6
Evidence pairs
0
Related studies
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Maltodextrin Group (20 g maltodextrin) → Insulin resistance
Maltodextrin Group (20 g maltodextrin) → Insulin resistance
Maltodextrin Group (20 g maltodextrin) → lipid profiles
Maltodextrin Group (20 g maltodextrin) → lipid profiles
Maltodextrin Group (20 g maltodextrin) → Muscular strength
Maltodextrin Group (20 g maltodextrin) → Muscular strength
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on whey protein 20g and Insulin Resistance, whey protein 20g and lipid profiles.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diet and Nutrition
Diet and Nutrition
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Insulin Resistance
Measures Insulin Resistance as a key outcome.
All studies measuring lipid profiles
Measures lipid profiles as a key outcome.
All studies on whey protein 20g
Contributes to whey protein 20g evidence base.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
whey protein 20g appears to improve Insulin resistance.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Insulin resistance
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Maltodextrin Group (20 g maltodextrin) for Insulin resistance.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Insulin resistance
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Maltodextrin Group (20 g maltodextrin) for Muscular strength.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Muscular strength
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Maltodextrin Group (20 g maltodextrin) for lipid profiles.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
lipid profiles
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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