Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerResumen de Investigación
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Semaglutide maintains glucagon response during hypoglycaemia.
Última actualización 12 de septiembre de 2026
Key finding
Statistically significantly lower increase for noradrenaline with semaglutide vs placebo.
The study evaluated the impact of semaglutide on glucagon response during hypoglycemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes, finding no significant compromise in glucagon levels.
Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Extended (5–20+ y)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
The study evaluated the impact of semaglutide on glucagon response during hypoglycemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes, finding no significant compromise in glucagon levels.
Clinical relevance
Understanding the effects of semaglutide on glucagon response is crucial for managing type 2 diabetes, especially during episodes of hypoglycemia. The findings suggest that semaglutide may be a safe option for patients, as it does not compromise the body's ability to respond to low blood sugar, which is vital for preventing severe hypoglycemic events.
Keep in mind
The study's sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings. The effects were assessed in a controlled environment, which may not reflect real-world scenarios. The long-term effects of semaglutide on glucagon response were not evaluated.
Published in
Referencia de la Revista
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Stefan K, Lene J, Martina B, et al. Semaglutide treatment did not compromise the counterregulatory glucagon response during experimental hypoglycaemia in people with T2D. Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism. 2018;20(11):2565-2573. doi:10.1111/dom.13422
Efectos Principales
The absolute change in mean glucagon concentration was similar for semaglutide (88.3 pg/mL) vs placebo (83.1 pg/mL), with an estimated difference of 5.2 pg/mL (p=0.418).
Semaglutide treatment resulted in a statistically significant lower increase in noradrenaline compared to placebo (decrease of 70.4 pg/mL, p=0.038).
Cortisol levels also showed a statistically significant lower increase with semaglutide compared to placebo (decrease of 47.2 ng/mL, p=0.007).
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Semaglutide and Cognitive function, Glucagon, Hypoglycemia symptom score, and 2 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Semaglutide
Primary outcomes
- Cognitive function
- Glucagon
- Hypoglycemia symptom score
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
5
Evidence pairs
5
Relationships
1
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 59
1
Related topics
5
Evidence pairs
100
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 5 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 1 direct semantic evidence topic
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Evidencia principal
Relación de evidencia
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Cognitive Performance
Evidencia relacionada
Tema de evidencia
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Guardar evidencia
Intervención
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Guardar evidencia
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 2 estudios
Add to Evidence TrackerHypoglycemia symptom score
Semaglutide → Hypoglycemia symptom score
Semaglutide → Hypoglycemia symptom score
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Library
Build your evidence library
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
La Evidencia Sugiere
- No significant change in glucagon levels with semaglutide (5.2 pg/mL difference, p=0.418).
- Lower increase in noradrenaline with semaglutide (70.4 pg/mL decrease, p=0.038).
- Lower increase in cortisol levels with semaglutide (47.2 ng/mL decrease, p=0.007).
A quién se aplica
- Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
- Individuals experiencing episodes of hypoglycemia.
Tener en Cuenta
- Results may not apply to populations outside of the study's demographic.
- Findings are based on short-term assessments and may not reflect long-term outcomes.
- The study was conducted in a controlled setting, which may differ from everyday clinical practice.
Entre Líneas
- The study's sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings.
- The effects were assessed in a controlled environment, which may not reflect real-world scenarios.
- The long-term effects of semaglutide on glucagon response were not evaluated.
Evidence Library
Build your evidence library
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Glucagon, GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Cognitive Performance.
Relaciones de evidencia relacionadas
Explore in Evidence ExplorerThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Medications
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists → Glucagon
Medications
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 2 estudios
View evidenceMedications
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
View evidenceIncluido en estas colecciones de evidencia
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Evidence Hub
All studies on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
2 studies
intervention_hubContributes to GLP-1 Receptor Agonists evidence base.
Glucagon Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Glucagon
2 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Glucagon as a key outcome.
Cognitive Performance Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Cognitive Performance
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Cognitive Performance as a key outcome.
Explora más en Evidence Explorer
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
All studies on Semaglutide and Glucagon
Intervention: SemaglutideOutcome: Glucagon
2 results
All studies on Semaglutide and Cognitive function
Intervention: SemaglutideOutcome: Cognitive function
1 results
All studies on Semaglutide
Intervention: Semaglutide
2 results
All studies measuring Glucagon
Outcome: Glucagon
2 results
All studies measuring Cognitive function
Outcome: Cognitive function
1 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Do GLP-1 Receptor Agonists improve cognitive performance?
Emerging Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for cognitive performance.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Cognitive function
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
Does Semaglutide improve glucagon?
Moderate Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Semaglutide for glucagon.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Glucagon
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
Does Semaglutide improve serum cortisol?
Emerging Evidence
Semaglutide appears to improve serum cortisol.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Serum cortisol
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
Does Semaglutide improve noradrenaline?
Emerging Evidence
Semaglutide appears to improve noradrenaline.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
noradrenaline
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
Next steps
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Read related research summaries.
Semaglutide may reduce cardiovascular events in non-diabetic patients.Oral semaglutide reduces cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetesSemaglutide improves insulin sensitivity in adolescents with obesityHigher semaglutide doses improve glucose control in type 2 diabetesNovel Semaglutide Injection Shows Non-Inferior Glycemic Control
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