Last updated September 10, 2026
Key finding
HbA1c decreased by -0.6% (p < 0.05)
The study evaluated the effects of the Empagliflozin/Metformin combination on glycemic control in Type 1 Diabetes, finding significant improvements in several health markers.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
The study evaluated the effects of the Empagliflozin/Metformin combination on glycemic control in Type 1 Diabetes, finding significant improvements in several health markers.
Improving glycemic control and reducing weight are critical for managing Type 1 Diabetes, as they can lower the risk of complications. The significant reductions in HbA1c and body weight observed in this study highlight the potential of the Empagliflozin/Metformin combination as a viable treatment option, which could enhance the quality of life for patients and reduce long-term health risks.
Limited sample size may affect generalizability. Exact values for some outcomes were not specified. Short duration of the study may not capture long-term effects.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Miodrag J, Andrej J, Mišo &, et al. The Empagliflozin/Metformin Combination Improves Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024;13(22):6860. doi:10.3390/jcm13226860
HbA1c decreased by -0.6% (p < 0.05)
Body weight decreased by -6.1 kg (p < 0.05)
Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio decreased by -31.4% (p = 0.002)
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Empagliflozin, Empagliflozin/Metformin Combination, Metformin and Change in liver indices, Estimated Daily Proteinuria, Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and 5 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Empagliflozin
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
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8
Evidence pairs
1202
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Contributes evidence
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Contributes evidence
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Contributes evidence
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Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence relationship
Related evidence
Evidence topic
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Evidence topic
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Empagliflozin → Change in liver indices
Empagliflozin → Change in liver indices
Empagliflozin → Estimated Daily Proteinuria
Empagliflozin → Estimated Daily Proteinuria
Empagliflozin → Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio
Empagliflozin → Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio
Empagliflozin/Metformin Combination → Body weight
Empagliflozin/Metformin Combination → Body weight
Empagliflozin/Metformin Combination → FIB-4 index
Empagliflozin/Metformin Combination → FIB-4 index
Empagliflozin/Metformin Combination → Uric Acid
Empagliflozin/Metformin Combination → Uric Acid
Metformin → Reduced insulin requirements after surgery
Metformin → Reduced insulin requirements after surgery
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Metformin Therapies and HbA1c, SGLT2 Inhibitors and HbA1c.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Medications
Medications
Medications
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring HbA1c
Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.
All studies on Metformin Therapies
Contributes to Metformin Therapies evidence base.
All studies on SGLT2 Inhibitors
Contributes to SGLT2 Inhibitors evidence base.
All studies measuring Body Weight
Measures Body Weight as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
12 results
10 results
12 results
10 results
12 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
SGLT2 Inhibitors may improve kidney function.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 77.9 | weak positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 12 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Empagliflozin appears to improve estimated daily proteinuria.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Estimated Daily Proteinuria
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Empagliflozin/Metformin Combination appears to affect body weight.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Body weight
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Empagliflozin/Metformin Combination appears to improve fib-4 index.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
FIB-4 index
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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