Outcome Evidence

Outcome Evidence

Explore diabetes-related outcomes, how they are measured, and which interventions affect them.

1,453
Outcomes
Distinct outcomes measured across diabetes research
45
Outcome Groups
Backend-defined outcome groups with evidence coverage
869
Research Studies
Active research documents analyzed in the evidence index
4,544
Evidence Relationships
Intervention-outcome relationships with scored evidence
516
Interventions
Distinct interventions represented in the evidence index

Dediabetes organizes diabetes outcomes by interventions studied, evidence strength, research coverage, and validated evidence relationships.

Featured Outcomes

Extensive ResearchExtensive Research

HbA1c Reduction

Evidence related to lowering or improving HbA1c/A1C in diabetes management.

Studies
298
Evidence
Extensive Research
Featured interventions
DSMESUsual careLifestyle intervention for prediabetes
Extensive ResearchExtensive Research

Weight Loss

Evidence related to body weight reduction, BMI improvement, waist circumference, and body composition changes.

Studies
174
Evidence
Extensive Research
Featured interventions
Low-carbohydrate dietSemaglutideEmpagliflozin
Extensive ResearchExtensive Research

Glycemic Control

Evidence related to blood glucose control, fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, glucose variability, and time in range.

Studies
205
Evidence
Extensive Research
Featured interventions
MetforminGastric bypassMediterranean diet
Extensive ResearchExtensive Research

Treatment Adherence

Evidence related to treatment adherence, medication use, physical activity participation, step count, diet intake, fruit and vegetable intake, and self-care behavior adherence.

Studies
77
Evidence
Extensive Research
Featured interventions
Instructional WhatsApp group for diabetes self-careMobile app for diabetes self-managementDSMES
Extensive ResearchExtensive Research

Inflammatory and Vascular Markers

Evidence related to inflammatory, oxidative stress, endothelial, and vascular biomarkers measured in diabetes studies.

Studies
68
Evidence
Extensive Research
Featured interventions
Exercise therapySemaglutideVitamin D supplementation
Limited ResearchLimited Research

Physical Activity Levels

Evidence related to physical activity levels and physical activity changes in diabetes studies.

Studies
23
Evidence
Limited Research
Featured interventions
Peer-support lifestyle programLifestyle intervention for prediabetesCulturally Adapted Lifestyle Intervention for Diabetes Prevention

What's New in Outcome Evidence

Explore Outcomes by Category

Most Validated Intervention-Outcome Relationships

Top-ranked relationships with available EvidenceScore™ and ConsistencyScore™ signals.

Evidence by Outcome and Intervention Groups

Fasting Glucose

Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs

EvidenceScore™
Strong
Studies
122
89 relationships
Browse evidence

CGM Time in Range

Insulin Delivery Systems

EvidenceScore™
Strong
Studies
61
72 relationships
Browse evidence

HbA1c

Insulin Delivery Systems

EvidenceScore™
Strong
Studies
210
90 relationships
Browse evidence

Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy

Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs

EvidenceScore™
Strong
Studies
22
21 relationships
Browse evidence

Hypoglycemia

Insulin Delivery Systems

EvidenceScore™
Strong
Studies
32
33 relationships
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Body Weight

SGLT2 Inhibitors

EvidenceScore™
Strong
Studies
94
55 relationships
Browse evidence

Body Mass Index

Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs

EvidenceScore™
Strong
Studies
68
49 relationships
Browse evidence

Quality of Life Outcomes

Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs

EvidenceScore™
Strong
Studies
38
32 relationships
Browse evidence

Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers

Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs

EvidenceScore™
Strong
Studies
67
113 relationships
Browse evidence

Mental Health

Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs

EvidenceScore™
Strong
Studies
21
29 relationships
Browse evidence

Blood Pressure

Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs

EvidenceScore™
Strong
Studies
41
45 relationships
Browse evidence

Postprandial and OGTT Glucose

Metformin Therapies

EvidenceScore™
Strong
Studies
49
46 relationships
Browse evidence

All Outcomes

Browse 1,453 outcomes represented in the evidence graph.

Showing 1-25 of 1,453 outcomes

HbA1c

Glycemic Control - HbA1c

EvidenceScore™
86/100
Studies
417
262 interventions

Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)

Glycemic Control - Fasting Glucose

EvidenceScore™
84/100
Studies
147
121 interventions

Body weight

Weight & Anthropometrics - Body Weight

EvidenceScore™
86/100
Studies
135
99 interventions

BMI

Weight & Anthropometrics - Body Mass Index

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
95
80 interventions

Triglycerides

Metabolic Health - Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
73
77 interventions

Systolic blood pressure

Metabolic Health - Blood Pressure

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
76
66 interventions

Insulin resistance

Metabolic Health - Insulin Resistance

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
69
62 interventions

Glucose iAUC (OGTT)

Glycemic Control - Postprandial and OGTT Glucose

EvidenceScore™
83/100
Studies
56
58 interventions

Fasting blood sugar (FBS)

Glycemic Control - Fasting Glucose

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
55
56 interventions

Time in range

Glycemic Control - CGM Time in Range

EvidenceScore™
88/100
Studies
72
51 interventions

Blood glucose

Glycemic Control - Fasting Glucose

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
56
51 interventions

Quality of life

Patient-Reported - Quality of Life Outcomes

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
53
48 interventions

Diastolic blood pressure

Metabolic Health - Blood Pressure

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
48
46 interventions

Waist circumference

Weight & Anthropometrics - Body Composition

EvidenceScore™
85/100
Studies
53
42 interventions

Fasting insulin levels

Metabolic Health - Insulin Resistance

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
30
31 interventions

C-reactive protein

Metabolic Health - Inflammatory Markers

EvidenceScore™
81/100
Studies
37
30 interventions

Adverse events incidence

Safety - Adverse Events and Safety

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
31
28 interventions

Sleep quality

Patient-Reported - Quality of Life Outcomes

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
29
28 interventions

Periodontal probing depth

Clinical Outcomes

EvidenceScore™
83/100
Studies
41
27 interventions

Depression score

Patient-Reported - Mental Health

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
26
24 interventions

Clinical attachment level

Clinical Outcomes

EvidenceScore™
84/100
Studies
37
23 interventions

Diabetes self-management behaviors

Patient-Reported - Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
29
22 interventions

Total daily insulin dose

Metabolic Health - Insulin Resistance

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
23
20 interventions

Interleukin-6 (IL-6)

Metabolic Health - Inflammatory Markers

EvidenceScore™
79/100
Studies
22
20 interventions

2-hour plasma glucose

Glycemic Control - Postprandial and OGTT Glucose

EvidenceScore™
78/100
Studies
23
19 interventions