Last updated July 6, 2026
Key finding
Finerenone reduced the incidence of hypokalaemia with serum potassium <4.0 mmol/L (HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.60–0.66) vs. placebo.
The study evaluated the effect of Finerenone on hypokalaemia in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes, finding a significant reduction in incidence compared to placebo.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Risk of bias
High Risk
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
The study evaluated the effect of Finerenone on hypokalaemia in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes, finding a significant reduction in incidence compared to placebo.
The findings from this study are clinically significant as they suggest that Finerenone can help manage potassium levels in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes, potentially reducing the risk of serious complications associated with hypokalaemia. This could lead to improved patient outcomes and better management of these chronic conditions.
Effectiveness of Finerenone remains unclear for some outcomes. The study's findings may not be generalizable to all populations. Limited information on long-term effects of Finerenone.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Bertram P, Rajiv A, Stefan DA, et al. Finerenone reduces the incidence of hypokalaemia in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes. European Heart Journal. Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy. 2025;11(1):10-19. doi:10.1093/ehjcvp/pvae074
Finerenone reduced the incidence of hypokalaemia with serum potassium <4.0 mmol/L (HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.60–0.66).
Finerenone reduced the incidence of hypokalaemia with serum potassium <3.5 mmol/L (HR 0.46; 95% CI 0.40–0.53).
Finerenone lessened the hazard of cardiovascular events (HR 0.86; 95% CI 0.78–0.95).
Finerenone lessened the hazard of arrhythmia events compared to placebo.
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) and Arrhythmia composite outcome, Composite cardiovascular events (CV death, MI, stroke, HF hospitalization), Hypokalaemia incidence.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist)
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
1
Related topics
3
Evidence pairs
45
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Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) → Arrhythmia composite outcome
Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) → Arrhythmia composite outcome
Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) → Composite cardiovascular events (CV death, MI, stroke, HF hospitalization)
Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) → Composite cardiovascular events (CV death, MI, stroke, HF hospitalization)
Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) → Hypokalaemia incidence
Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) → Hypokalaemia incidence
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) and Cardiovascular Outcomes, Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) and Arrhythmia composite outcome.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Medications
Medications
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Cardiovascular Outcomes
Measures Cardiovascular Outcomes as a key outcome.
All studies on Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist)
Contributes to Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) evidence base.
All studies measuring Arrhythmia composite outcome
Measures Arrhythmia composite outcome as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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2 results
1 results
2 results
2 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) may improve Composite cardiovascular events (CV death, MI, stroke, HF hospitalization).
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Composite cardiovascular events (CV death, MI, stroke, HF hospitalization)
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 66.8 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) appears to improve Hypokalaemia incidence.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Hypokalaemia incidence
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Finerenone (nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) may improve Arrhythmia composite outcome.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Arrhythmia composite outcome
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | weak positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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