NoneNo Change
Adverse events incidence
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) → Adverse events incidence
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) → Adverse events incidence
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeSafety
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Research Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
High-dose multivitamins do not reduce cardiovascular events in diabetes
Key finding
The primary end point occurred in 175 participants (35%) in the active OMVM group and 175 (35%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.99 [95% CI, 0.80-1.22]; P = .92).
This study evaluated the effects of oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) in patients with diabetes and a history of myocardial infarction. The findings indicated no significant differences in major cardiovascular outcomes between the OMVM and placebo groups.
Evidence strength
Moderate confidence
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Extended (5–20+ y)
Some Concerns bias
Last updated July 8, 2026Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
Population
Middle Aged (40-64), Older Adults (65+), Male, Female, North America, with T2 Diabetes
Intervention
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM)
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Extended (5–20+ y)
Primary outcome
Composite of myocardial infarction
Comparator
Placebo OMVM + Active IV Chelation, Placebo OMVM + Placebo IV Infusions
Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study's main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the effects of oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) in patients with diabetes and a history of myocardial infarction. The findings indicated no significant differences in major cardiovascular outcomes between the OMVM and placebo groups.
Clinical relevance
These findings are important for clinicians treating diabetic patients with a history of myocardial infarction, as they suggest that routine supplementation with multivitamins and minerals may not provide additional cardiovascular protection. This can help guide treatment decisions and resource allocation in managing these patients.
Keep in mind
No significant differences in outcomes may limit the perceived effectiveness of OMVM. The study population may not be generalizable to all diabetic patients. Potential unmeasured confounders could influence the results.
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Francisco U, Gervasio AL, Kevin JA, et al. Oral Multivitamins and Multiminerals in Patients with Diabetes and Prior Myocardial Infarction. JAMA Internal Medicine. 2025;185(5):540-548. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.8408
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Main Effects
The primary composite outcome occurred in 35% of both the OMVM and placebo groups (HR, 0.99; P = .92).
Myocardial infarction incidence was 10.8% in the OMVM group versus 9.6% in the placebo group.
Stroke incidence was higher in the OMVM group (4.0%) compared to the placebo group (2.0%).
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) and Adverse events incidence, All-cause mortality, Composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke, and 3 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM)
Primary outcomes
- Adverse events incidence
- All-cause mortality
- Composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
6
Evidence pairs
6
Relationships
1
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 63
1
Related topics
6
Evidence pairs
33
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 6 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 1 direct semantic evidence topic
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
NoneNo Change
All-cause mortality
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) → All-cause mortality
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) → All-cause mortality
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeClinical Outcomes
Unlock full evidence details
NoneNo Change
Composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) → Composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) → Composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeClinical Outcomes
Unlock full evidence details
NoneNo Change
Coronary revascularization
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) → Coronary revascularization
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) → Coronary revascularization
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeClinical Outcomes
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NoneNo Change
Hospitalization for unstable angina
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) → Hospitalization for unstable angina
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) → Hospitalization for unstable angina
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeClinical Outcomes
Unlock full evidence details
NoneNo Change
Incidence of stroke
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) → Incidence of stroke
Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) → Incidence of stroke
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeClinical Outcomes
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Create a free account to access effectiveness ratings, evidence strength and depth scores, consistency analysis, and direct links to all supporting studies.
Evidence Suggest
- No significant difference in the primary composite outcome (HR, 0.99; P = .92).
- Similar rates of myocardial infarction (10.8% vs. 9.6%) between groups.
- Stroke rates were higher in the OMVM group (4.0%) compared to placebo (2.0%).
Who this applies to
- Adults with diabetes and a history of myocardial infarction.
- Patients seeking supplemental therapies for cardiovascular health.
Keep in Mind
- The study's findings may not apply to younger populations or those without prior cardiovascular events.
- Results are based on a specific population with diabetes, limiting broader applicability.
- Further research may be needed to explore long-term effects and different populations.
Between the Lines
- No significant differences in outcomes may limit the perceived effectiveness of OMVM.
- The study population may not be generalizable to all diabetic patients.
- Potential unmeasured confounders could influence the results.
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) improve all-cause mortality?
Limited Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) for All-cause mortality.
ConsensusScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
All-cause mortality
EvidenceScore™ Limited | EvidenceScore™ 38.1 | neutral | ConsensusScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) affect adverse events incidence?
Limited Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) for Adverse events incidence.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Adverse events incidence
EvidenceScore™ Limited | EvidenceScore™ 38.1 | neutral | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) improve composite of cv death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke?
Limited Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) for Composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke
EvidenceScore™ Limited | EvidenceScore™ 38.1 | neutral | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) improve coronary revascularization?
Limited Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) for Coronary revascularization.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Coronary revascularization
EvidenceScore™ Limited | EvidenceScore™ 38.1 | neutral | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
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All studies on Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) and All-cause mortalityAll studies on Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) and Adverse events incidenceAll studies on Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) and Composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal strokeAll studies on Oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) and Coronary revascularization
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