Last updated August 25, 2026
Key finding
Cognitive functions only slightly improved without major differences by group or age.
This study investigated the effects of insoluble fiber supplementation on cognitive function in prediabetic individuals, finding no significant improvements.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Long-Term (1–5 y)
Risk of bias
High Risk
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study investigated the effects of insoluble fiber supplementation on cognitive function in prediabetic individuals, finding no significant improvements.
Understanding the impact of dietary interventions on cognitive health is crucial, especially for populations at risk of diabetes. This study highlights that while dietary changes like increasing fiber may benefit glycemic control, they might not translate to improved cognitive outcomes, suggesting the need for more targeted strategies to support brain health in prediabetic individuals.
The study may have limited generalizability due to the specific population studied. Cognitive assessments showed only slight improvements, raising questions about clinical significance. The sample size and duration of the intervention may not have been sufficient to detect meaningful changes.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Stefan K, Federico M, Caroline H, et al. Beneficial Effects of Insoluble Fiber and Lifestyle Intervention on Glycemia Might Not Preserve Cognitive Capabilities in Prediabetes. Frontiers in Nutrition. 2026;12:1699958. doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1699958
Cognitive functions assessed by the MMSE showed slight improvements without major differences by group or age.
The VLMT results indicated minimal cognitive enhancement across both intervention groups.
Overall, cognitive assessments like the RWFT and NCT revealed only slight improvements, lacking significant group differences.
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Insoluble fiber supplementation and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, Number Connection Test (NCT) performance, Number Recall Test (NRT) performance, and 3 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Insoluble fiber supplementation
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
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Related topics
6
Evidence pairs
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Related studies
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Insoluble fiber supplementation → Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score
Insoluble fiber supplementation → Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score
Insoluble fiber supplementation → Number Connection Test (NCT) performance
Insoluble fiber supplementation → Number Connection Test (NCT) performance
Insoluble fiber supplementation → Number Recall Test (NRT) performance
Insoluble fiber supplementation → Number Recall Test (NRT) performance
Insoluble fiber supplementation → Regensburg Word Fluency Test (RWFT) performance
Insoluble fiber supplementation → Regensburg Word Fluency Test (RWFT) performance
Insoluble fiber supplementation → Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (RCFT) performance
Insoluble fiber supplementation → Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (RCFT) performance
Insoluble fiber supplementation → Verbal Learning and Memory Test (VLMT) performance
Insoluble fiber supplementation → Verbal Learning and Memory Test (VLMT) performance
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Insoluble fiber supplementation and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, Insoluble fiber supplementation and Number Connection Test (NCT) performance.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies on Insoluble fiber supplementation
Contributes to Insoluble fiber supplementation evidence base.
All studies measuring Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score
Measures Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Number Connection Test (NCT) performance
Measures Number Connection Test (NCT) performance as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Insoluble fiber supplementation for mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Insoluble fiber supplementation for number connection test (NCT) performance.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Number Connection Test (NCT) performance
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Insoluble fiber supplementation for number recall test (NRT) performance.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Number Recall Test (NRT) performance
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Insoluble fiber supplementation for regensburg word fluency test (RWFT) performance.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Regensburg Word Fluency Test (RWFT) performance
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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