Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 35
- mixed
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerResumen de Investigación
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Hybrid Closed-Loop System Reduces Insulin Boluses in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes
Última actualización 12 de julio de 2026
Key finding
The proportion of total daily insulin delivered as carbohydrate-related boluses decreased from 58% to 34%.
This study examined the impact of hybrid closed-loop insulin therapy on insulin delivery patterns in youth with type 1 diabetes, finding a significant decrease in bolus insulin use.
Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Long-Term (1–5 y)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study examined the impact of hybrid closed-loop insulin therapy on insulin delivery patterns in youth with type 1 diabetes, finding a significant decrease in bolus insulin use.
Clinical relevance
These findings suggest that hybrid closed-loop insulin therapy can change the way insulin is administered in youth with type 1 diabetes, potentially leading to improved management of their condition. Understanding these changes is crucial for healthcare providers to optimize treatment plans and improve patient outcomes.
Keep in mind
The effectiveness of the intervention remains unclear due to insufficient statistical significance. The study's sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings. Potential confounding factors were not fully accounted for in the analysis.
Published in
Referencia de la Revista
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Chloë R, Julia W, Janet MA, et al. Decline in the Proportion of Total Daily Insulin Delivered as Boluses in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes Using a Hybrid Closed-Loop System. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology. 2026:19322968251409790. doi:10.1177/19322968251409790
Efectos Principales
The proportion of total daily insulin delivered as carbohydrate-related boluses decreased by 24%.
Median carbohydrate intake decreased from 236 g to 184 g.
Mean daily carbohydrate-related bolus insulin increased by 6.9 units/d.
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Insulin therapy and Glucose iAUC (OGTT), Insulin delivered per 10 g of carbohydrate, Mean daily carbohydrate-related bolus insulin, and 3 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Insulin therapy
Primary outcomes
- Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
- Insulin delivered per 10 g of carbohydrate
- Mean daily carbohydrate-related bolus insulin
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
6
Evidence pairs
6
Relationships
3
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 72
3
Related topics
6
Evidence pairs
291
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 6 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 3 direct semantic evidence topics
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Evidencia principal
Relación de evidencia
Insulin Therapies and Insulin Resistance
Evidencia relacionada
Relación de evidencia
Insulin Therapies and Postprandial and OGTT Glucose
Guardar evidencia
Tema de evidencia
Adverse Events and Safety
Guardar evidencia
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Insulin delivered per 10 g of carbohydrate
Insulin therapy → Insulin delivered per 10 g of carbohydrate
Insulin therapy → Insulin delivered per 10 g of carbohydrate
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerMean daily carbohydrate-related bolus insulin
Insulin therapy → Mean daily carbohydrate-related bolus insulin
Insulin therapy → Mean daily carbohydrate-related bolus insulin
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerMedian daily carbohydrate intake
Insulin therapy → Median daily carbohydrate intake
Insulin therapy → Median daily carbohydrate intake
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerNumber of carbohydrate-related boluses per day
Insulin therapy → Number of carbohydrate-related boluses per day
Insulin therapy → Number of carbohydrate-related boluses per day
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerTotal daily insulin dose
Insulin therapy → Total daily insulin dose
Insulin therapy → Total daily insulin dose
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Library
Build your evidence library
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
La Evidencia Sugiere
- Carbohydrate-related boluses decreased from 58% to 34% of total daily insulin.
- Median carbohydrate intake reduced by 52 g per day.
- Insulin delivered per 10 g of carbohydrate increased from 0.6 to 1.3 units.
A quién se aplica
- Youth aged 0-18 years with type 1 diabetes.
- Participants using hybrid closed-loop insulin therapy.
Tener en Cuenta
- Results may not apply to adults or those not using hybrid closed-loop systems.
- Findings are based on a specific population and may not reflect broader trends.
- Further research is needed to confirm long-term effects and clinical significance.
Entre Líneas
- The effectiveness of the intervention remains unclear due to insufficient statistical significance.
- The study's sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings.
- Potential confounding factors were not fully accounted for in the analysis.
Evidence Library
Build your evidence library
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Insulin Therapies and Insulin Resistance, Insulin Therapies and Postprandial and OGTT Glucose.
Relaciones de evidencia relacionadas
Explore in Evidence ExplorerThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Medications
Insulin Therapies → Insulin Resistance
Medications
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
View evidenceMedications
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 35
- mixed
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
View evidenceIncluido en estas colecciones de evidencia
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
Insulin Resistance Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Insulin Resistance
2 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Insulin Resistance as a key outcome.
Insulin Therapies Evidence Hub
All studies on Insulin Therapies
2 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Insulin Therapies evidence base.
Postprandial and OGTT Glucose Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Postprandial and OGTT Glucose
2 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Postprandial and OGTT Glucose as a key outcome.
Recent Diabetes Research
Latest published studies
recency_collection
Published within the last 2 years.
Explora más en Evidence Explorer
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
All studies on Insulin therapy and Total daily insulin dose
Intervention: Insulin therapyOutcome: Total daily insulin dose
2 results
All studies on Insulin therapy and Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
Intervention: Insulin therapyOutcome: Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
2 results
All studies on Insulin therapy
Intervention: Insulin therapy
2 results
All studies measuring Total daily insulin dose
Outcome: Total daily insulin dose
2 results
All studies measuring Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
Outcome: Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
2 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does Insulin Therapies improve insulin resistance?
Strong Evidence
Insulin Therapies appears to improve Insulin Resistance.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Total daily insulin dose
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 5 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Insulin Therapies improve postprandial and ogtt glucose?
Moderate Evidence
Insulin Therapies may improve Postprandial and OGTT Glucose.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Evidence caveat: The available evidence reports mixed findings.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
- Only a small number of supporting studies are available.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Insulin therapy improve insulin delivered per 10 g of carbohydrate?
Emerging Evidence
Insulin therapy appears to improve Insulin delivered per 10 g of carbohydrate.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Insulin delivered per 10 g of carbohydrate
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Insulin therapy improve mean daily carbohydrate-related bolus insulin?
Emerging Evidence
Insulin therapy appears to improve Mean daily carbohydrate-related bolus insulin.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Mean daily carbohydrate-related bolus insulin
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
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