Última actualización 12 de julio de 2026
Key finding
FBG decreased by 33.1 mg/dL (p < 0.001)
Probiotic supplementation was studied for its effects on glycemic control in pediatric patients with Type 1 Diabetes, showing significant improvements in several metabolic markers.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
Probiotic supplementation was studied for its effects on glycemic control in pediatric patients with Type 1 Diabetes, showing significant improvements in several metabolic markers.
Improving glycemic control in pediatric patients with Type 1 Diabetes is crucial for reducing the risk of long-term complications. The significant reductions in fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c indicate that probiotics may serve as a beneficial adjunct therapy, potentially enhancing overall diabetes management strategies in children.
Limited sample size may affect generalizability Short duration of the study may not capture long-term effects Potential for unmeasured confounders affecting outcomes
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Amira AMA, Eman ARI, Mahasen MA, Nouran YS, Victor G. Probiotic Supplementation Improves Glycemic Control in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes. Metabolites. 2025;15(5):288. doi:10.3390/metabo15050288
Fasting Plasma Glucose decreased by 33.1 mg/dL (p < 0.001)
HbA1c decreased by 1.39% (p < 0.001)
Total cholesterol decreased by 10.1 mg/dL (p < 0.001)
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Multispecies probiotic supplementation and Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), HbA1c, Interleukin-21 levels change, and 2 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Multispecies probiotic supplementation
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
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Related topics
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Evidence pairs
1510
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Contributes evidence
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Evidencia principal
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Evidencia relacionada
Relación de evidencia
Guardar evidencia
Relación de evidencia
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Interleukin-21 levels change
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Interleukin-21 levels change
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Interleukin-22 levels change
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Interleukin-22 levels change
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Total cholesterol
Multispecies probiotic supplementation → Total cholesterol
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Probiotics and Synbiotics and HbA1c, Probiotics and Synbiotics and Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Supplements
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring HbA1c
Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.
All studies on Probiotics and Synbiotics
Contributes to Probiotics and Synbiotics evidence base.
All studies measuring Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers
Measures Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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3 results
2 results
3 results
3 results
2 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Probiotics and Synbiotics may improve adipokine and angiogenic markers.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Total cholesterol
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 11 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Probiotics and Synbiotics appear to lower HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 13 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Probiotics and Synbiotics appear to improve fasting glucose.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 14 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Multispecies probiotic supplementation appears to improve interleukin-21 levels change.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Interleukin-21 levels change
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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