Resumen de Investigación
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™

Resistance Training and Vitamin D Improve Glycemic Control in Elderly Women

Última actualización 12 de septiembre de 2026

Key finding

HbA1c decreased by 0.13% (p = 0.019).

This study investigated the effects of progressive resistance training combined with vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in elderly women with type 2 diabetes, finding significant improvements in several metabolic markers.

Quick read

Study at a glance

The essential study design details in one scan.

EvidenceScore™

Moderate

Study type

RCTs

Follow-up

Medium-Term (3–12 mo)

Risk of bias

Some Concerns

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Plain-language summary

What this paper says

A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.

Study focus

This study investigated the effects of progressive resistance training combined with vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in elderly women with type 2 diabetes, finding significant improvements in several metabolic markers.

Clinical relevance

These findings highlight the potential of integrating physical exercise with nutritional supplementation to enhance glycemic control in elderly women with type 2 diabetes. Improved metabolic markers such as HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose can lead to better diabetes management, reducing the risk of complications associated with the disease.

Keep in mind

Limited to elderly women, which may affect generalizability. Sample size not specified, potentially impacting statistical power. Short duration of intervention may not reflect long-term effects.

Published in

Referencia de la Revista

Publication details and source links for this paper.

Hyoung-Jun K, Deok-Su Y, Man-Gyoon L, Claudia M. Effects of Progressive Resistance Training Combined with Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycemic Control in Elderly Women with Type 2 Diabetes. Metabolites. 2026;16(8):593. doi:10.3390/metabo16080593

Efectos Principales

HbA1c decreased by 0.13% (p = 0.019)

Fasting plasma glucose decreased by 0.79 mmol/L (p < 0.001)

Insulin levels decreased by 1.96 µU/mL (p = 0.050)

Serum 25(OH)D increased by 15.57 ng/mL (p < 0.001)

Evidence network

How this study fits

Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.

Evidence Context

This study contributes evidence to Exercise + Vitamin D and Adherence to aspirin, Calcitonin, Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), and 8 more.

Primary intervention

Exercise + Vitamin D

Primary outcomes

  • Adherence to aspirin
  • Calcitonin
  • Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)

Evidence relationships

Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.

11
Evidence pairs
11
Relationships
3
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence

Editorial context

Why this study matters

See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.

Evidence network role

This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.

Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 72

3

Related topics

11

Evidence pairs

1489

Related studies

High relevance in at least one topic

Why it is useful

  • Contributes to 11 evidence relationships
  • Includes primary outcome data
  • Linked to 3 direct semantic evidence topics

Topic contributions

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

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Evidencia principal

Tema de evidencia

Fasting Blood Glucose

matched_outcome

Evidencia relacionada

Tema de evidencia

Glycemic Control

Guardar evidencia

Core evidence

Study findings

The primary outcomes reported in this study.

Adherence to aspirin

Exercise + Vitamin D → Adherence to aspirin

Exercise + Vitamin D → Adherence to aspirin

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

Calcitonin

Exercise + Vitamin D → Calcitonin

Exercise + Vitamin D → Calcitonin

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)

Exercise + Vitamin D → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)

Exercise + Vitamin D → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

Functional reach

Exercise + Vitamin D → Functional reach

Exercise + Vitamin D → Functional reach

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

HbA1c

Exercise + Vitamin D → HbA1c

Exercise + Vitamin D → HbA1c

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

Insulin

Exercise + Vitamin D → Insulin

Exercise + Vitamin D → Insulin

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

Insulin resistance

Exercise + Vitamin D → Insulin resistance

Exercise + Vitamin D → Insulin resistance

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

LDL cholesterol

Exercise + Vitamin D → LDL cholesterol

Exercise + Vitamin D → LDL cholesterol

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D

Exercise + Vitamin D → Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D

Exercise + Vitamin D → Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

Total cholesterol

Exercise + Vitamin D → Total cholesterol

Exercise + Vitamin D → Total cholesterol

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

Triglycerides

Exercise + Vitamin D → Triglycerides

Exercise + Vitamin D → Triglycerides

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Estudios de apoyo: Basado en 1 estudio
Add to Evidence Tracker

Evidence Library

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evidence suggest

La Evidencia Sugiere

  • HbA1c levels improved significantly with combined interventions.
  • Fasting plasma glucose showed a notable decrease.
  • Serum 25(OH)D levels increased significantly, indicating effective supplementation.
who this applies

A quién se aplica

  • Elderly women aged 65 and older.
  • Individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
  • Patients seeking non-pharmaceutical interventions for diabetes management.
keep in mind

Tener en Cuenta

  • Results may not apply to younger populations or men.
  • Further studies are needed to confirm long-term benefits.
  • The study's findings are based on specific interventions and may not generalize to other forms of exercise or supplementation.
between the lines

Entre Líneas

  • Limited to elderly women, which may affect generalizability.
  • Sample size not specified, potentially impacting statistical power.
  • Short duration of intervention may not reflect long-term effects.

Evidence Library

Build your evidence library

Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.

Connected Evidence

Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.

Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.

This study contributes to evidence on Exercise + Vitamin D and Treatment Adherence, Exercise + Vitamin D and Calcitonin.

Relaciones de evidencia relacionadas

Explore in Evidence Explorer

This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.

Questions answered by this study

Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.

Does Exercise + Vitamin D improve adherence to aspirin?

Emerging Evidence

Exercise + Vitamin D appears to improve adherence to aspirin.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Adherence to aspirin

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study

Does Exercise + Vitamin D improve calcitonin?

Emerging Evidence

Exercise + Vitamin D appears to improve calcitonin.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Calcitonin

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study

Does Exercise + Vitamin D improve fasting plasma glucose (FPG)?

Emerging Evidence

Exercise + Vitamin D appears to improve fasting plasma glucose (FPG).

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study

Does Exercise + Vitamin D improve functional reach?

Emerging Evidence

Exercise + Vitamin D appears to improve functional reach.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Functional reach

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study
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