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Research Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™

CGM at discharge may reduce hospital re-presentations in T2D patients

Powered by the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework

Last updated August 29, 2026

Key finding

Only 2 (10%) of the 19 participants had an unplanned hospital re-presentation in the first month after discharge.

This pilot study evaluated the impact of continuous glucose monitoring initiated at hospital discharge in individuals with type 2 diabetes, finding low hospital re-presentation rates and high participant satisfaction.

Quick read

Study at a glance

The essential study design details in one scan.

EvidenceScore™

Moderate

Study type

RCTs

Follow-up

Extended (5–20+ y)

Risk of bias

Some Concerns

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Plain-language summary

What this paper says

A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.

Study focus

This pilot study evaluated the impact of continuous glucose monitoring initiated at hospital discharge in individuals with type 2 diabetes, finding low hospital re-presentation rates and high participant satisfaction.

Clinical relevance

This study highlights the potential benefits of continuous glucose monitoring for managing diabetes after hospital discharge, suggesting it may reduce the likelihood of readmissions and improve patient outcomes. These findings could encourage healthcare providers to implement such monitoring strategies to enhance diabetes management.

Keep in mind

Small sample size limits generalizability. Short follow-up period may not capture long-term effects. Lack of control group for comparison.

Published in

Journal Reference

Publication details and source links for this paper.

Kara M, Rebekah G, Aristides V, Barbara D, Ann P. Continuous Glucose Monitoring Initiated on Hospital Discharge in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study. JMIR Diabetes. 2022;7(2):e35163. doi:10.2196/35163

View DOIView on PubMedView on PMC

Main Effects

Only 10% of participants had unplanned hospital re-presentations within one month post-discharge.

HbA1c levels improved or remained stable in 94% of participants at three months.

84% of participants reported being satisfied with the continuous glucose monitoring device.

Evidence network

How this study fits

Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.

Evidence Context

This study contributes evidence to Continuous glucose monitoring and HbA1c, Participant satisfaction with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), Unplanned hospital re-presentations within 1 month after discharge.

This study contributes evidence to

Intervention

Continuous glucose monitoring

Outcome

HbA1c

Evidence topic

HbA1c Reduction

Primary intervention

Continuous glucose monitoring

Primary outcomes

  • HbA1c
  • Participant satisfaction with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)
  • Unplanned hospital re-presentations within 1 month after discharge

Evidence topics

HbA1c Reduction

Primary intervention

Continuous glucose monitoring

Primary outcomes

HbA1cParticipant satisfaction with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)Unplanned hospital re-presentations within 1 month after discharge

Evidence relationships

Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.

3
Evidence pairs
3
Relationships
2
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence

Editorial context

Why this study matters

See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.

Evidence network role

This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.

Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 60

2

Related topics

3

Evidence pairs

859

Related studies

High relevance in at least one topic

Why it is useful

  • Contributes to 3 evidence relationships
  • Includes primary outcome data
  • Linked to 1 direct semantic evidence topic

Topic contributions

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

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Primary evidence

Evidence relationship

Insulin Delivery Systems and HbA1c

Related evidence

Evidence topic

HbA1c Reduction

Save evidence

Evidence topic

Diabetes Technology

Save evidence

Core evidence

Study findings

The primary outcomes reported in this study.

HbA1c

Continuous glucose monitoring → HbA1c

Continuous glucose monitoring → HbA1c

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
85
Strong
ImpactScore™
81
Positive
ConsistencyScore™
85
consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 13 studies
Add to Evidence Tracker

Participant satisfaction with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)

Continuous glucose monitoring → Participant satisfaction with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)

Continuous glucose monitoring → Participant satisfaction with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Unplanned hospital re-presentations within 1 month after discharge

Continuous glucose monitoring → Unplanned hospital re-presentations within 1 month after discharge

Continuous glucose monitoring → Unplanned hospital re-presentations within 1 month after discharge

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Evidence Library

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evidence suggest

Evidence Suggest

  • 10% hospital re-presentation rate compared to a published rate of 17%.
  • HbA1c improved or stable in 17 of 18 participants.
  • 84% of participants were satisfied with the glucose monitoring system.
who this applies

Who this applies to

  • Adults with type 2 diabetes.
  • Individuals recently discharged from the hospital.
keep in mind

Keep in Mind

  • Results may not be applicable to larger or more diverse populations.
  • The study's short duration limits understanding of long-term outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to confirm findings in a controlled setting.
between the lines

Between the Lines

  • Small sample size limits generalizability.
  • Short follow-up period may not capture long-term effects.
  • Lack of control group for comparison.

Evidence Library

Build your evidence library

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Connected Evidence

Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.

Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.

Powered by the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework

This study contributes to evidence on Insulin Delivery Systems and HbA1c, Insulin Delivery Systems and Unplanned hospital re-presentations within 1 month after discharge.

Related evidence relationships

Explore in Evidence Explorer

This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.

Questions answered by this study

Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.

Does Insulin Delivery Systems lower HbA1c?

Strong Evidence

Insulin Delivery Systems appears to lower HbA1c.

ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    HbA1c

    EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 85.5 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on 21 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.

21 supporting studies
View Full Evidence

Does Continuous glucose monitoring improve participant satisfaction with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)?

Emerging Evidence

Continuous glucose monitoring appears to improve participant satisfaction with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Participant satisfaction with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study
View Full Evidence

Does Continuous glucose monitoring improve unplanned hospital re-presentations within 1 month after discharge?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Continuous glucose monitoring for unplanned hospital re-presentations within 1 month after discharge.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Unplanned hospital re-presentations within 1 month after discharge

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study
View Full Evidence
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Next steps

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Evidence topics

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HbA1c Reduction Evidence HubDiabetes Technology Evidence Hub

Explore in Evidence Explorer

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All studies on Continuous glucose monitoring and Unplanned hospital re-presentations within 1 month after dischargeAll studies on Continuous glucose monitoring and HbA1cAll studies on Continuous glucose monitoring and Participant satisfaction with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)

Related research

Read related research summaries.

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