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Research Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™

Corticosteroids may help manage cytokine release syndrome during teplizumab therapy

Powered by the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework

Last updated August 21, 2026

Key finding

Maximum stimulated C-peptide decreases from about 2 to about 1.3.

This study evaluated the use of glucocorticoids to manage cytokine release syndrome during teplizumab therapy for new-onset type 1 diabetes, finding a low incidence of cytokine release syndrome.

Quick read

Study at a glance

The essential study design details in one scan.

EvidenceScore™

Moderate

Study type

RCTs

Follow-up

Short-Term (≤3 mo)

Risk of bias

Some Concerns

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Plain-language summary

What this paper says

A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.

Study focus

This study evaluated the use of glucocorticoids to manage cytokine release syndrome during teplizumab therapy for new-onset type 1 diabetes, finding a low incidence of cytokine release syndrome.

Clinical relevance

Understanding the safety and efficacy of teplizumab in managing new-onset type 1 diabetes is crucial for clinicians. The low incidence of cytokine release syndrome suggests that teplizumab may be a viable treatment option, potentially improving patient outcomes while minimizing adverse effects.

Keep in mind

Effectiveness of teplizumab remains unclear due to lack of definitive evidence. Limited sample size may affect generalizability of findings. Variability in HbA1c levels complicates interpretation of glycemic control.

Published in

Journal Reference

Publication details and source links for this paper.

Aye K, Srinath S, Christine T, Zoe Q, Stephen EG. Glucocorticoids to Manage Cytokine Release Syndrome During Teplizumab Therapy for New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(3). doi:10.2337/dc25-2494

View DOIView on PubMedView on PMC

Main Effects

Maximum stimulated C-peptide decreased from about 2 to about 1.3 pmol/L.

HbA1c levels were 6.3% at 6 months, 7.3% at 9 months, and 6.4% at 15 months.

Insulin requirements reduced to 0.08 units/kg/day by 17 months.

Cytokine release syndrome occurred in 5.8% of individuals treated with teplizumab.

Evidence network

How this study fits

Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.

Evidence Context

This study contributes evidence to Teplizumab and C-peptide, Cytokine release syndrome, HbA1c, and 1 more.

This study contributes evidence to

Intervention

Teplizumab

Outcome

C-peptide

Evidence topic

C-Peptide

Primary intervention

Teplizumab

Primary outcomes

  • C-peptide
  • Cytokine release syndrome
  • HbA1c

Evidence topics

C-PeptideHbA1c Reduction

Primary intervention

Teplizumab

Primary outcomes

C-peptideCytokine release syndromeHbA1c

Evidence relationships

Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.

4
Evidence pairs
4
Relationships
2
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence

Editorial context

Why this study matters

See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.

Evidence network role

This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.

Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 64

2

Related topics

4

Evidence pairs

632

Related studies

High relevance in at least one topic

Why it is useful

  • Contributes to 4 evidence relationships
  • Includes primary outcome data
  • Linked to 2 direct semantic evidence topics

Topic contributions

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

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Primary evidence

Evidence topic

C-Peptide

matched_outcome

Related evidence

Evidence topic

HbA1c Reduction

Save evidence

Core evidence

Study findings

The primary outcomes reported in this study.

C-peptide

Teplizumab → C-peptide

Teplizumab → C-peptide

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Cytokine release syndrome

Teplizumab → Cytokine release syndrome

Teplizumab → Cytokine release syndrome

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

HbA1c

Teplizumab → HbA1c

Teplizumab → HbA1c

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Reduced insulin requirements after surgery

Teplizumab → Reduced insulin requirements after surgery

Teplizumab → Reduced insulin requirements after surgery

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Evidence Library

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evidence suggest

Evidence Suggest

  • C-peptide levels decreased by 0.7 pmol/L.
  • Insulin dose reduced by 0.27 units/kg/day.
  • Cytokine release syndrome incidence was 5.8%.
who this applies

Who this applies to

  • Individuals with new-onset type 1 diabetes.
  • Patients receiving teplizumab therapy.
keep in mind

Keep in Mind

  • Findings may not apply to all populations with type 1 diabetes.
  • Long-term effects of teplizumab therapy are still unknown.
  • Further studies are needed to confirm these results and assess broader applicability.
between the lines

Between the Lines

  • Effectiveness of teplizumab remains unclear due to lack of definitive evidence.
  • Limited sample size may affect generalizability of findings.
  • Variability in HbA1c levels complicates interpretation of glycemic control.

Evidence Library

Build your evidence library

Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.

Connected Evidence

Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.

Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.

Powered by the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework

This study contributes to evidence on Teplizumab and C-peptide Levels, Teplizumab and Cytokine release syndrome.

Related evidence relationships

Explore in Evidence Explorer

This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.

Questions answered by this study

Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.

Does Teplizumab improve c-peptide?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Teplizumab for c-peptide.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    C-peptide

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study
View Full Evidence

Does Teplizumab improve cytokine release syndrome?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Teplizumab for cytokine release syndrome.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Cytokine release syndrome

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study
View Full Evidence

Does Teplizumab lower HbA1c?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Teplizumab for HbA1c.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    HbA1c

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study
View Full Evidence

Does Teplizumab improve reduced insulin requirements after surgery?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Teplizumab for reduced insulin requirements after surgery.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Reduced insulin requirements after surgery

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study
View Full Evidence
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Next steps

Continue your research

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Evidence topics

Follow the topics this study contributes to.

C-Peptide Evidence HubHbA1c Reduction Evidence Hub

Explore in Evidence Explorer

Open broader Evidence Explorer views for this relationship.

All studies on Teplizumab and C-peptideAll studies on Teplizumab and HbA1cAll studies on Teplizumab and Reduced insulin requirements after surgeryAll studies on Teplizumab and Cytokine release syndrome

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Read related research summaries.

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