Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerResearch Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
High-protein diet shows little effect on glycemic control in diabetes
Last updated August 22, 2026
Key finding
Estimated renal function decreased in the HP group by 1.67 ± 15.3 mL/min/1.73m² (p = 0.03).
This study investigated the impact of high-protein versus low-protein diets on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients, finding no significant effects on glycemic outcomes.
Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study investigated the impact of high-protein versus low-protein diets on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients, finding no significant effects on glycemic outcomes.
Clinical relevance
Understanding dietary impacts on glycemic control is crucial for managing type 2 diabetes. This study suggests that changing protein intake may not be an effective strategy for improving blood sugar levels, which can help guide dietary recommendations for patients. However, the observed decrease in renal function with a high-protein diet raises concerns that require further investigation.
Keep in mind
Limited sample size may affect generalizability Short duration of dietary intervention Potential unmeasured confounders affecting outcomes
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Ilias A, Pierre BL, Solia A, et al. Dietary Protein Modulation Does Not Affect Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Patients. iScience. 2023;26(8):107471. doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.107471
Main Effects
No significant effect on glycemic excursions (p > 0.1)
No significant effect on HbA1c levels (p > 0.1)
Estimated renal function decreased in the high-protein group by 1.67 mL/min/1.73m² (p = 0.03)
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Animal Protein Diet, Low-protein diet and C-peptide, Estimated glomerular filtration rate, HbA1c, and 3 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Animal Protein Diet
Primary outcomes
- C-peptide
- Estimated glomerular filtration rate
- HbA1c
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
12
Evidence pairs
12
Relationships
2
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 64
2
Related topics
12
Evidence pairs
707
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 12 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 2 direct semantic evidence topics
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Add related evidence to your Evidence Tracker
Save studies and evidence pages, organize your personal Evidence Tracker, and keep the research you care about in one place.
Primary evidence
Evidence topic
Glycemic Control
matched_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
HbA1c Reduction
Save evidence
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Animal Protein Diet → Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Animal Protein Diet → Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 25
- Negative
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 77
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 83
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 67
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 3 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerMean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE)
Animal Protein Diet → Mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE)
Animal Protein Diet → Mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE)
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerPost-prandial insulin response after mixed-meal test
Animal Protein Diet → Post-prandial insulin response after mixed-meal test
Animal Protein Diet → Post-prandial insulin response after mixed-meal test
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEstimated glomerular filtration rate
Low-protein diet → Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Low-protein diet → Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerMean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE)
Low-protein diet → Mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE)
Low-protein diet → Mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE)
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerPost-prandial insulin response after mixed-meal test
Low-protein diet → Post-prandial insulin response after mixed-meal test
Low-protein diet → Post-prandial insulin response after mixed-meal test
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Library
Build your evidence library
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
Evidence Suggest
- High-protein diet did not improve glycemic control metrics (p > 0.1)
- Low-protein diet also showed no significant effects on glycemic outcomes (p > 0.1)
- Renal function decreased in the high-protein group (1.67 mL/min/1.73m², p = 0.03)
Who this applies to
- Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
- Individuals seeking dietary interventions for glycemic control
Keep in Mind
- Results may not apply to populations outside the study sample
- Dietary interventions were of limited duration
- Further research is needed to explore long-term effects of protein intake on renal function
Between the Lines
- Limited sample size may affect generalizability
- Short duration of dietary intervention
- Potential unmeasured confounders affecting outcomes
Evidence Library
Build your evidence library
Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.
Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Animal Protein Diet and HbA1c, Animal Protein Diet and C-peptide.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ExplorerThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diet and Nutrition
Animal Protein Diet → HbA1c
Diet and Nutrition
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 77
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 83
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 67
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 3 studies
View evidenceDiet and Nutrition
Animal Protein Diet → C-peptide
Diet and Nutrition
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
View evidenceIncluded in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
Animal Protein Diet Evidence Hub
All studies on Animal Protein Diet
3 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Animal Protein Diet evidence base.
HbA1c Evidence Hub
All studies measuring HbA1c
3 studies
outcome_hubMeasures HbA1c as a key outcome.
C-peptide Evidence Hub
All studies measuring C-peptide
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures C-peptide as a key outcome.
Explore more in Evidence Explorer
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
All studies on Animal Protein Diet and HbA1c
Intervention: Animal Protein DietOutcome: HbA1c
3 results
All studies on Animal Protein Diet and C-peptide
Intervention: Animal Protein DietOutcome: C-peptide
1 results
All studies on Animal Protein Diet
Intervention: Animal Protein Diet
3 results
All studies measuring HbA1c
Outcome: HbA1c
3 results
All studies measuring C-peptide
Outcome: C-peptide
1 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does Animal Protein Diet improve HbA1c?
Strong Evidence
Animal Protein Diet may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 77.3 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Low-protein diet improve estimated glomerular filtration rate?
Emerging Evidence
Low-protein diet appears to improve Estimated glomerular filtration rate.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Estimated glomerular filtration rate
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Animal Protein Diet improve c-peptide?
Emerging Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Animal Protein Diet for C-peptide.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
C-peptide
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Animal Protein Diet improve insulin resistance?
Emerging Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Animal Protein Diet for Insulin resistance.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Insulin resistance
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
Continue your research
Choose a next path through related evidence topics, Evidence Explorer views, and research summaries.
Evidence topics
Follow the topics this study contributes to.
Explore in Evidence Explorer
Open broader Evidence Explorer views for this relationship.
Related research
Read related research summaries.
High-protein diet may reduce cardiometabolic risks in diabetes patientsHigh-protein diets improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetesHigh-protein diets improve oxidative stress in diabetes.HIIT and Aerobic-Resistance Training Improve Diabetes OutcomesHRS-7535 improves glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes
No ads. No tracking.
Focused on evidence, not advertising.
Secure & private
Your data is always protected.
Always up to date
New studies added every day.