Last updated July 18, 2026
Key finding
The adjusted mean difference with empagliflozin 10 mg versus placebo was -0.7% (95% CI -1.0, -0.4; p <.0001).
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in adults with type 2 diabetes who were not adequately controlled on metformin and sitagliptin. Results indicated significant reductions in HbA1c and body weight with empagliflozin treatment.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Long-Term (1–5 y)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in adults with type 2 diabetes who were not adequately controlled on metformin and sitagliptin. Results indicated significant reductions in HbA1c and body weight with empagliflozin treatment.
These findings are clinically significant as they suggest that empagliflozin can be an effective addition to the treatment regimen for adults with type 2 diabetes who are not achieving their blood sugar targets with metformin and sitagliptin alone. Improved glycemic control and weight loss can lead to better overall health outcomes and reduced risk of diabetes-related complications.
The study was limited to a specific population of adults with type 2 diabetes. Results may not be generalizable to individuals not on metformin and sitagliptin. Long-term effects and safety beyond 24 weeks were not assessed.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Seung‐Hwan L, Kyung AH, Eun‐Gyoung H, et al. Efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in adults with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on metformin and sitagliptin. Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism. 2025;28(3):2027-2037. doi:10.1111/dom.70386
Empagliflozin 10 mg reduced HbA1c levels by -0.7% (p <.0001) compared to placebo.
Empagliflozin 25 mg reduced HbA1c levels by -0.8% (p <.0001) compared to placebo.
Body weight decreased by -3.0 kg in the empagliflozin 10 mg group (p <.05).
Body weight decreased by -2.8 kg in the empagliflozin 25 mg group (p <.05).
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Empagliflozin and Adverse events incidence, Body weight, Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), and 3 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Empagliflozin
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
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Related topics
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Evidence pairs
982
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Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence relationship
Related evidence
Evidence relationship
Save evidence
Evidence relationship
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Empagliflozin → Adverse events incidence
Empagliflozin → Adverse events incidence
Empagliflozin → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Empagliflozin → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Empagliflozin → Proportion achieving HbA1c <7.0%
Empagliflozin → Proportion achieving HbA1c <7.0%
Empagliflozin → Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio
Empagliflozin → Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio
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Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on SGLT2 Inhibitors and Body Weight, SGLT2 Inhibitors and HbA1c.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Medications
Medications
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring HbA1c
Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Body Weight
Measures Body Weight as a key outcome.
All studies on SGLT2 Inhibitors
Contributes to SGLT2 Inhibitors evidence base.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
5 results
6 results
5 results
5 results
6 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
SGLT2 Inhibitors may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 83.6 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Proportion achieving HbA1c <7.0%
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 15 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
SGLT2 Inhibitors may improve Kidney Function.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 8 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
SGLT2 Inhibitors may improve Body Weight.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Body weight
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 83.8 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 7 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
SGLT2 Inhibitors may improve Fasting Glucose.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | weak positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 11 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
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