Last updated July 18, 2026
Key finding
The family health nurse model significantly improved self-management scores.
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a Family Health Nurse model on diabetes self-management in middle-aged women, finding significant improvements in self-management scores and reductions in HbA1c levels.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a Family Health Nurse model on diabetes self-management in middle-aged women, finding significant improvements in self-management scores and reductions in HbA1c levels.
Improving diabetes self-management is crucial for reducing complications and enhancing quality of life in patients. The findings suggest that integrating Family Health Nurses into diabetes care may provide effective support, leading to better health outcomes for middle-aged women, a demographic often at risk for diabetes-related complications.
The effectiveness of the intervention remains unclear due to limited evidence pairs. The study's generalizability may be restricted to middle-aged women. Potential confounding factors were not fully addressed.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Azam E, Tayebeh K, Mahrokh K, Ziba F. Effectiveness of Family Health Nurse Model on Diabetes Self-Management in Middle-Aged Women. Journal of Education and Health Promotion. 2025;14:256. doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_35_24
Self-management scores increased by 5.2 points (p=0.001).
HbA1c levels decreased by 1.5% (p=0.002).
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Family health nurse model intervention and Diabetes self-management behaviors, HbA1c.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Family health nurse model intervention
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
2
Related topics
2
Evidence pairs
380
Related studies
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
Save evidence
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Family health nurse model intervention → Diabetes self-management behaviors
Family health nurse model intervention → Diabetes self-management behaviors
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Family health nurse model intervention and HbA1c, Family health nurse model intervention and Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy
Measures Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy as a key outcome.
All studies on Family health nurse model intervention
Contributes to Family health nurse model intervention evidence base.
All studies measuring HbA1c
Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Family health nurse model intervention appears to improve Diabetes self-management behaviors.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Diabetes self-management behaviors
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Family health nurse model intervention appears to improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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