StrongDecrease
Albuminuria
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Albuminuria
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Albuminuria
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseClinical Outcomes
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Research Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Glutamine supplementation may decrease glycaemia in type 2 diabetes.
Key finding
HbA1c decreased (P = 0.007)
Daily oral supplementation of glutamine with or without sitagliptin in well-controlled type 2 diabetes patients.
Evidence strength
Moderate confidence
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Some Concerns bias
Last updated July 5, 2026Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
Population
Young Adult (19–39), Middle Aged (40-64), Male, Female, Asia-Pacific (APAC), with T2 Diabetes
Intervention
Glutamine with Sitagliptin
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Primary outcome
HbA1c
Comparator
Glutamine + Placebo
Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study's main message and where it applies.
Study focus
Daily oral supplementation of glutamine with or without sitagliptin in well-controlled type 2 diabetes patients.
Clinical relevance
This study evaluated Daily oral supplementation of glutamine with or without sitagliptin in well-controlled type 2 diabetes patients.
Keep in mind
Limitations were not clearly described in the extracted text.
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Dorit S, Donald JC, Fiona MG, et al. Daily oral supplementation of glutamine with or without sitagliptin decreases glycaemia in type 2 diabetes patients. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(11):e113366. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113366
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Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Glutamine with Sitagliptin and Albuminuria, Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Body weight, and 8 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Glutamine with Sitagliptin
Primary outcomes
- Albuminuria
- Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
- Body weight
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
11
Evidence pairs
11
Relationships
3
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 68
3
Related topics
11
Evidence pairs
260
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 11 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 3 direct semantic evidence topics
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
NoneIncrease
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Evidence profile
NoneIncreaseClinical Outcomes
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NoneNo Change
Body weight
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Body weight
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Body weight
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeWeight & Anthropometrics
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NoneNo Change
Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeClinical Outcomes
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StrongDecrease
Fructosamine
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Fructosamine
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Fructosamine
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseClinical Outcomes
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StrongDecrease
HbA1c
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → HbA1c
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → HbA1c
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseGlycemic Control
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StrongDecrease
Hematocrit
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Hematocrit
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Hematocrit
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseClinical Outcomes
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StrongDecrease
Hemoglobin
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Hemoglobin
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Hemoglobin
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseClinical Outcomes
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NoneNo Change
Plasma Electrolytes
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Plasma Electrolytes
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Plasma Electrolytes
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeClinical Outcomes
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StrongDecrease
Red Blood Cells
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Red Blood Cells
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Red Blood Cells
Evidence profile
StrongDecreaseClinical Outcomes
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NoneNo Change
Serum creatinine
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Serum creatinine
Glutamine with Sitagliptin → Serum creatinine
Evidence profile
NoneNo ChangeSafety
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on DPP-4 Inhibitors and Kidney Function, DPP-4 Inhibitors and Fructosamine.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ArchiveThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Included in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
DPP-4 Inhibitors Evidence Hub
All studies on DPP-4 Inhibitors
1 studies
intervention_hubContributes to DPP-4 Inhibitors evidence base.
Fructosamine Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Fructosamine
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Fructosamine as a key outcome.
Kidney Function Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Kidney Function
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Kidney Function as a key outcome.
Explore more in the evidence archive
Jump to pre-filtered views in the evidence archive.
All studies on Glutamine with Sitagliptin and Albuminuria
Intervention: Glutamine with SitagliptinOutcome: Albuminuria
1 results
All studies on Glutamine with Sitagliptin and Fructosamine
Intervention: Glutamine with SitagliptinOutcome: Fructosamine
1 results
All studies on Glutamine with Sitagliptin
Intervention: Glutamine with Sitagliptin
1 results
All studies measuring Albuminuria
Outcome: Albuminuria
1 results
All studies measuring Fructosamine
Outcome: Fructosamine
1 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does DPP-4 Inhibitors improve HbA1c?
Emerging Evidence
DPP-4 Inhibitors appears to improve HbA1c.
ConsensusScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 50.5 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 7 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Does DPP-4 Inhibitors affect body weight?
Emerging Evidence
DPP-4 Inhibitors may improve Body Weight.
ConsensusScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Evidence caveat: The available evidence reports mixed findings.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Body weight
EvidenceScore™ Limited | EvidenceScore™ 33.0 | neutral | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Does DPP-4 Inhibitors improve kidney function?
Limited Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of DPP-4 Inhibitors for Kidney Function.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Albuminuria
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 50.5 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
- 2
Estimated glomerular filtration rate
EvidenceScore™ Limited | EvidenceScore™ 33.0 | neutral | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
- 3
Serum creatinine
EvidenceScore™ Limited | EvidenceScore™ 33.0 | neutral | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Glutamine with Sitagliptin improve fructosamine?
Emerging Evidence
Glutamine with Sitagliptin appears to improve Fructosamine.
ConsensusScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Fructosamine
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 50.5 | strong positive | ConsensusScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
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