Last updated September 9, 2026
Key finding
HLS was associated with reduced risk of glycemic abnormalities only among women at the highest genetic risk.
The study examined how genetic risk influences the relationship between lifestyle factors and glycemic health in women with prior gestational diabetes.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Extended (5–20+ y)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
The study examined how genetic risk influences the relationship between lifestyle factors and glycemic health in women with prior gestational diabetes.
Understanding the interaction between genetic risk and lifestyle choices is crucial for developing targeted interventions for women with a history of gestational diabetes. This study suggests that personalized lifestyle recommendations could enhance glycemic health outcomes, potentially reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes in this population.
The study's sample size may limit the generalizability of findings. The effects of lifestyle intervention were unclear for several outcomes. The study did not measure long-term impacts beyond the postpartum year.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Sim T, Saila K, Jari L, Elina E, Hannele L, Emilia H. Genetic risk modifies the association between lifestyle and glycemic health in women with prior gestational diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care. 2024;12(2):e003942. doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2023-003942
Healthy Lifestyle Score (HLS) was associated with reduced risk of glycemic abnormalities among women at the highest genetic risk (p=0.008).
Presence of glycemic abnormalities was not associated with the PRS for type 2 diabetes in the total study sample.
Body mass index (BMI) showed no significant association with glycemic abnormalities (p=0.210).
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes and 2-hour plasma glucose, BMI, Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), and 9 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
7
Related topics
12
Evidence pairs
1671
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Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_intervention_and_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
Save evidence
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → 2-hour plasma glucose
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → 2-hour plasma glucose
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Healthy Lifestyle Score (HLS)
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Healthy Lifestyle Score (HLS)
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Homeostatic Model Assessment of Beta-cell function (HOMA-β)
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Homeostatic Model Assessment of Beta-cell function (HOMA-β)
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome at 3 Years Postpartum
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome at 3 Years Postpartum
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Insulin
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Insulin
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Insulin resistance
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Insulin resistance
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Presence of glycemic abnormalities
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Presence of glycemic abnormalities
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Remission of impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Remission of impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Type 2 diabetes incidence
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes → Type 2 diabetes incidence
Evidence Library
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes and Fasting Glucose, Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes and Body Mass Index.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Fasting Glucose
Measures Fasting Glucose as a key outcome.
All studies on Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes
Contributes to Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes evidence base.
All studies measuring Body Mass Index
Measures Body Mass Index as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
9 results
8 results
9 results
9 results
8 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes may improve fasting plasma glucose (FPG).
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Ranked evidence signals
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 87.1 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes may affect BMI.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
BMI
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 87.0 | weak positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes may reduce type 2 diabetes incidence.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Ranked evidence signals
Type 2 diabetes incidence
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 85.7 | weak positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
Lifestyle intervention for prediabetes may improve 2-hour plasma glucose.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
2-hour plasma glucose
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 82.3 | weak positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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