Last updated August 24, 2026
Key finding
Average fasting venous glucose concentration decreased (p = 0.01).
This study investigated the effects of low volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on glycaemic control and pancreatic β cell function in type 2 diabetes patients, finding significant improvements in several metabolic markers.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study investigated the effects of low volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on glycaemic control and pancreatic β cell function in type 2 diabetes patients, finding significant improvements in several metabolic markers.
These findings are significant as they suggest that low volume HIIT can be an effective and time-efficient exercise strategy for improving glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. With rising diabetes prevalence, incorporating such exercise regimens could enhance patient outcomes and reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications.
The sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings. The study duration may not reflect long-term effects of HIIT. Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Søren MM, Anne CT, Kristian O, Per BJ, Raffaella B. High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Glycaemic Control and Pancreatic β Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetes Patients. PLOS ONE. 2015;10(8):e0133286. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0133286
Average fasting venous glucose decreased by 1.5 mmol/L (p = 0.01).
HbA1c decreased by 0.5% (p = 0.04).
Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) decreased by 0.5 units (p = 0.03).
Abdominal fat mass decreased significantly (p = 0.004).
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to High-intensity interval exercise and 2-hour plasma glucose, Abdominal fat mass, Disposition Index, and 6 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
High-intensity interval exercise
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
3
Related topics
9
Evidence pairs
1068
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Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_intervention_and_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
Save evidence
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
High-intensity interval exercise → 2-hour plasma glucose
High-intensity interval exercise → 2-hour plasma glucose
High-intensity interval exercise → Abdominal fat mass
High-intensity interval exercise → Abdominal fat mass
High-intensity interval exercise → Disposition Index
High-intensity interval exercise → Disposition Index
High-intensity interval exercise → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
High-intensity interval exercise → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
High-intensity interval exercise → Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
High-intensity interval exercise → Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
High-intensity interval exercise → Homeostatic Model Assessment of Beta-cell function (HOMA-β)
High-intensity interval exercise → Homeostatic Model Assessment of Beta-cell function (HOMA-β)
High-intensity interval exercise → Insulin resistance
High-intensity interval exercise → Insulin resistance
High-intensity interval exercise → Peak insulin levels during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
High-intensity interval exercise → Peak insulin levels during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on High-intensity interval exercise and Fasting Glucose, High-intensity interval exercise and HbA1c.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Physical Activity
Physical Activity
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Fasting Glucose
Measures Fasting Glucose as a key outcome.
All studies measuring HbA1c
Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.
All studies on High-intensity interval exercise
Contributes to High-intensity interval exercise evidence base.
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3 results
3 results
3 results
3 results
3 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
High-intensity interval exercise appears to improve Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG).
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
High-intensity interval exercise may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
High-intensity interval exercise may improve Insulin resistance.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Ranked evidence signals
Insulin resistance
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
High-intensity interval exercise appears to improve 2-hour plasma glucose.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
2-hour plasma glucose
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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