Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 35
- mixed
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerResearch Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Intermittent fasting improves weight loss and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.
Last updated July 14, 2026
Key finding
HbA1c decreased to 6.51% compared to 6.86% in the CR group (P = 0.035).
A study found that a 12-hour intermittent fasting regimen combined with calorie restriction led to greater weight loss and improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients compared to calorie restriction alone.
Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
A study found that a 12-hour intermittent fasting regimen combined with calorie restriction led to greater weight loss and improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients compared to calorie restriction alone.
Clinical relevance
These findings are significant as they suggest that incorporating intermittent fasting into dietary strategies for managing type 2 diabetes could enhance weight loss and improve glycemic control. This could lead to better overall health and reduced risk of diabetes-related complications, making it a valuable approach for clinicians to consider in dietary recommendations.
Keep in mind
The study's sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings. The long-term effects of the intermittent fasting regimen were not assessed. Participants' adherence to the dietary interventions was not monitored.
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Salma MAF, Maggie MA, Samah AE, Mona AH, Samar FF. A 12-hour intermittent fasting regimen combined with calorie restriction demonstrates superior efficacy in promoting weight loss and improving glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2026;80(3):299-306. doi:10.1038/s41430-025-01693-z
Main Effects
HbA1c decreased to 6.51% in the IF + CR group compared to 6.86% in the CR group (P = 0.035).
Body weight decreased by -6.51% in the IF + CR group compared to -4.41% in the CR group (P < 0.001).
Body fat mass decreased by -9.39% in the IF + CR group compared to -5.32% in the CR group (P < 0.001).
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Calorie restriction and Body fat mass, Body weight, HbA1c, and 2 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Calorie restriction
Primary outcomes
- Body fat mass
- Body weight
- HbA1c
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
5
Evidence pairs
5
Relationships
3
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 72
3
Related topics
5
Evidence pairs
892
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 5 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 3 direct semantic evidence topics
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
Dietary Patterns
matched_intervention_and_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
Weight Loss
Save evidence
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 82
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 70
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 60
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 5 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Strong
- Score 79 · Based on 4 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 88
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 75
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 4 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerWaist circumference
Calorie restriction → Waist circumference
Calorie restriction → Waist circumference
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Strong
- Score 79 · Based on 3 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 3 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Library
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Evidence Suggest
- Intermittent fasting combined with calorie restriction resulted in a 6.51% reduction in HbA1c.
- Participants lost 6.51% of body weight with the IF + CR regimen versus 4.41% with CR alone.
- Body fat mass decreased by 9.39% in the IF + CR group, indicating superior fat loss.
Who this applies to
- Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
- Individuals looking for effective dietary strategies for weight loss.
Keep in Mind
- Results may not apply to populations outside of the study's sample.
- The study did not evaluate the long-term sustainability of the fasting regimen.
- Further research is needed to explore the effects of intermittent fasting on different demographics.
Between the Lines
- The study's sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings.
- The long-term effects of the intermittent fasting regimen were not assessed.
- Participants' adherence to the dietary interventions was not monitored.
Evidence Library
Build your evidence library
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Calorie restriction and Body Weight, Calorie restriction and HbA1c.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ExplorerThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diet and Nutrition
Calorie restriction → Body Weight
Diet and Nutrition
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 82
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 70
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 60
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 5 studies
View evidenceDiet and Nutrition
Calorie restriction → HbA1c
Diet and Nutrition
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Strong
- Score 79 · Based on 4 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 88
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 75
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 4 studies
View evidenceIncluded in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
Body Weight Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Body Weight
5 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Body Weight as a key outcome.
Calorie restriction Evidence Hub
All studies on Calorie restriction
5 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Calorie restriction evidence base.
HbA1c Evidence Hub
All studies measuring HbA1c
4 studies
outcome_hubMeasures HbA1c as a key outcome.
Recent Diabetes Research
Latest published studies
recency_collection
Published within the last 2 years.
Explore more in Evidence Explorer
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
All studies on Calorie restriction and Body weight
Intervention: Calorie restrictionOutcome: Body weight
5 results
All studies on Calorie restriction and HbA1c
Intervention: Calorie restrictionOutcome: HbA1c
4 results
All studies on Calorie restriction
Intervention: Calorie restriction
5 results
All studies measuring Body weight
Outcome: Body weight
5 results
All studies measuring HbA1c
Outcome: HbA1c
4 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does Calorie restriction affect body weight?
Strong Evidence
Calorie restriction may improve Body weight.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Body weight
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 81.5 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Calorie restriction improve HbA1c?
Strong Evidence
Calorie restriction appears to improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Calorie restriction affect waist circumference?
Strong Evidence
Calorie restriction appears to improve Waist circumference.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Waist circumference
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Calorie restriction improve body fat mass?
Moderate Evidence
Calorie restriction may improve Body fat mass.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Evidence caveat: The available evidence reports mixed findings.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Body fat mass
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
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