Last updated September 9, 2026
Key finding
Post-intervention scores indicated better nutritional condition in the experimental group (26.98 ± 3.21) compared to the control group (25.08 ± 3.59).
This study evaluated the impact of a 12-week Pilates intervention on nutritional status and health-related quality of life in older adults with Type 2 diabetes, finding significant improvements in various health metrics.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Extended (5–20+ y)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the impact of a 12-week Pilates intervention on nutritional status and health-related quality of life in older adults with Type 2 diabetes, finding significant improvements in various health metrics.
These findings highlight the potential of Pilates as a beneficial intervention for older adults with Type 2 diabetes, suggesting that incorporating such exercise programs could enhance their nutritional status and overall quality of life. This is particularly important given the increasing prevalence of diabetes and the need for effective lifestyle interventions to manage health in this population.
The sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings. The study duration was relatively short, potentially affecting long-term outcomes. The control group received standard care, which may not account for all confounding variables.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Beatriz R, Agustín A, Fidel H, Yolanda C, María DCC, Yih-Kuen J. Effects of a 12-Week Pilates Intervention on Nutritional Status and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Diagnostics. 2025;15(22):2913. doi:10.3390/diagnostics15222913
Nutritional status improved in the Pilates group (26.98 ± 3.21) compared to control (25.08 ± 3.59), p=0.005.
General health scores were higher in the Pilates group (71.44 ± 18.29) versus control (57.02 ± 18.37), p=0.001.
Physical functioning scores increased in the Pilates group (78.08 ± 19.83) compared to control (69.52 ± 22.69), p=0.043.
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Pilates-based exercise program and Change in Bodily Pain Domain of Health-Related Quality of Life, Change in role physical domain of health-related quality of life, Change in social functioning domain of health-related quality of life, and 5 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Pilates-based exercise program
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
1
Related topics
8
Evidence pairs
123
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Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Pilates-based exercise program → Change in Bodily Pain Domain of Health-Related Quality of Life
Pilates-based exercise program → Change in Bodily Pain Domain of Health-Related Quality of Life
Pilates-based exercise program → Change in role physical domain of health-related quality of life
Pilates-based exercise program → Change in role physical domain of health-related quality of life
Pilates-based exercise program → Change in social functioning domain of health-related quality of life
Pilates-based exercise program → Change in social functioning domain of health-related quality of life
Pilates-based exercise program → General Health Management Improvement
Pilates-based exercise program → General Health Management Improvement
Pilates-based exercise program → Nutritional status
Pilates-based exercise program → Nutritional status
Pilates-based exercise program → Physical functioning
Pilates-based exercise program → Physical functioning
Pilates-based exercise program → Role limitation due to emotional problems score
Pilates-based exercise program → Role limitation due to emotional problems score
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Pilates-based exercise program and Change in Bodily Pain Domain of Health-Related Quality of Life, Pilates-based exercise program and General Health Management Improvement.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Change in Bodily Pain Domain of Health-Related Quality of Life
Measures Change in Bodily Pain Domain of Health-Related Quality of Life as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Change in role physical domain of health-related quality of life
Measures Change in role physical domain of health-related quality of life as a key outcome.
All studies measuring General Health Management Improvement
Measures General Health Management Improvement as a key outcome.
All studies on Pilates-based exercise program
Contributes to Pilates-based exercise program evidence base.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Pilates-based exercise program appears to improve change in role physical domain of health-related quality of life.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Change in role physical domain of health-related quality of life
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Pilates-based exercise program appears to improve change in social functioning domain of health-related quality of life.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Change in social functioning domain of health-related quality of life
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Pilates-based exercise program appears to improve general health management improvement.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
General Health Management Improvement
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Pilates-based exercise program appears to improve nutritional status.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Nutritional status
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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