Research Summary
Semaglutide with Insulin Improves Diabetes Control and Kidney Health
Moderate confidence
Low bias
Last updated June 17, 2026Key Takeaway:
This study evaluated the effects of semaglutide combined with insulin therapy on glycemic control and renal function in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, finding significant improvements in several metabolic parameters.
Study at a Glance
Participants
Intervention
Semaglutide + Insulin Therapy
Outcomes
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), 2-Hour Postprandial Glucose (2hPG), HbA1c, Insulin resistance, VEGF, ET-1, 24-Hour Urinary Protein (24hUpr), Urinary Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio (UACR), HOMA-β, Nitric Oxide (NO), Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), Adverse Events
Funding
Non-Industry Sponsored
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Main Effects
Fasting Plasma Glucose decreased by 2.31 mmol/L (p=0.001)
HbA1c decreased by 1.66% (p=0.001)
24-Hour Urinary Protein decreased significantly (p=0.001)
Evidence Summary
| Intervention | Outcome | Measured Change | Study Effect |
|---|---|---|---|
 Insulin therapy (Medications) |  24-Hour Urinary Protein (24hUpr) (Clinical Outcomes) | Decrease | Strong |
Insulin therapy (Medications) |  Adverse events incidence (Safety) | No Change | Unclear |
Insulin therapy (Medications) |  Endothelin-1 (ET-1) (Metabolic Health) | Decrease | Strong |
Insulin therapy (Medications) | Estimated glomerular filtration rate (Clinical Outcomes) | Increase | Strong |
Insulin therapy (Medications) |  Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) (Glycemic Control) | Decrease | Strong |
Insulin therapy (Medications) | Glucose iAUC (OGTT) (Glycemic Control) | Decrease | Strong |
Insulin therapy (Medications) | HbA1c (Glycemic Control) | Decrease | Strong |
Insulin therapy (Medications) | Homeostatic Model Assessment of Beta-cell function (HOMA-β) (Glycemic Control) | Increase | Strong |
Insulin therapy (Medications) | Insulin resistance (Metabolic Health) | Decrease | Strong |
Insulin therapy (Medications) | Nitric Oxide (NO) (Metabolic Health) | Increase | Strong |
Insulin therapy (Medications) | Serum VEGF (Clinical Outcomes) | Decrease | Strong |
Insulin therapy (Medications) | Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (Clinical Outcomes) | Decrease | Strong |
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Evidence Suggest
- Fasting Plasma Glucose reduced by 2.31 mmol/L, indicating improved glycemic control.
- HbA1c decreased by 1.66%, suggesting better long-term blood sugar management.
- 24-Hour Urinary Protein levels decreased, indicating improved renal function.
Who this applies to
- Elderly patients aged 65 and older with type 2 diabetes.
- Patients requiring insulin therapy for diabetes management.
Keep in Mind
- Results may not apply to younger populations or those without diabetes.
- Further studies are needed to confirm long-term benefits.
- The study's findings are based on a specific treatment regimen.
Between the Lines
- Limited sample size may affect generalizability.
- Short duration of follow-up may not capture long-term effects.
- Unmeasured confounders could influence outcomes.
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Journal Reference
Lan Y, Ying Y, Suraiya S. Semaglutide Combined with Insulin Therapy Improves Glycemic Control and Renal Function in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. International Journal of Endocrinology. 2026;2026:1543983. doi:10.1155/ije/1543983
Connected Evidence
Discover how this study fits into the broader diabetes evidence landscape.
This study contributes to evidence on Insulin Therapies and Kidney Function, Insulin Therapies and Vascular and Endothelial Function.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ArchiveThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention–outcome relationships.
Included in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
Insulin Therapies Evidence Hub
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intervention_hubContributes to Insulin Therapies evidence base.
Kidney Function Evidence Hub
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Vascular and Endothelial Function Evidence Hub
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