Last updated July 11, 2026
Key finding
Diabetes distress decreased by 1.52 points (p < 0.001).
The Women’s Wellness with Type 2 Diabetes Programme (WWDP+) was found to be acceptable and feasible for midlife women, demonstrating significant improvements in various health outcomes.
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The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
The Women’s Wellness with Type 2 Diabetes Programme (WWDP+) was found to be acceptable and feasible for midlife women, demonstrating significant improvements in various health outcomes.
These findings are significant as they suggest that structured behavioral-lifestyle interventions like WWDP+ can enhance the quality of life for midlife women with type 2 diabetes. By addressing both diabetes management and menopausal symptoms, the program could lead to better overall health outcomes and empower women to take control of their health.
Non-randomized design limits causal inference Sample size and demographics may affect generalizability Self-reported measures could introduce bias
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Deniz B, Maria D, Iliatha PN, Rosie W, Jackie S, Aqeel MA. The Women’s Wellness with Type 2 Diabetes Programme (WWDP+) is Acceptable and Feasible for Midlife Women. PLOS One. 2026;21(3):e0345517. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0345517
Diabetes distress decreased by 1.52 points (p < 0.001)
Self-reported HbA1c decreased by 13 mmol/mol (p < 0.02)
Menopausal symptoms declined by 13 points on the Greene scale (p < 0.001)
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission and BMI, Diabetes Distress Scale score, Diabetes management self-efficacy, and 5 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
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Evidence pairs
802
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Contributes evidence
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Contributes evidence
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Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → BMI
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → BMI
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → Diabetes Distress Scale score
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → Diabetes Distress Scale score
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → Diabetes management self-efficacy
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → Diabetes management self-efficacy
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → General Health Management Improvement
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → General Health Management Improvement
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → HbA1c
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → HbA1c
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → Increased confidence in making dietary choices
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → Increased confidence in making dietary choices
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → Menopausal symptoms decline
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → Menopausal symptoms decline
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → Sleep quality
Intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes remission → Sleep quality
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs and HbA1c, Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs and Body Mass Index.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Behavioral & Lifestyle
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies on Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs
Contributes to Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs evidence base.
All studies measuring HbA1c
Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Body Mass Index
Measures Body Mass Index as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Quality of Life Outcomes
Measures Quality of Life Outcomes as a key outcome.
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Published within the last 2 years.
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3 results
1 results
3 results
3 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs may improve Body Mass Index.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
BMI
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 15 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 79.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 41 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs appears to improve Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Diabetes management self-efficacy
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 19 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) Programs may improve Quality of Life Outcomes.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Sleep quality
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 13 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
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