Structured population data were available for 4 of 4 supporting studies. 3 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 4 studies described adult participants.

Upstream consistency scoring indicates mixed findings across the evidence.

1 supporting study does not have a displayable topic-matched quantitative effect.

2 supporting studies have high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

Placebo

Core clinician-reference fields are available or not applicable.

Participants receiving liraglutide in the LEADER trial.

Liraglutide

Individual-level data consisting of 9340 (liraglutide: 4668; placebo: 4672) and 3297 (semaglutide: 1648; placebo: 1649) subjects from the LEADER and SUSTAIN-6 trials, respectively, was utilized for this study.

Participants receiving semaglutide in the SUSTAIN-6 trial.

Semaglutide

Participants receiving placebo in the LEADER trial.

Participants receiving placebo in the SUSTAIN-6 trial.

HbA1c mediates cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1 receptor agonists

Available source content was suppressed because validation identified a conflict.

Participants receiving oral semaglutide as an adjunct to standard-of-care treatment.

Oral Semaglutide

The SOUL trial randomized 9650 participants with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and/or chronic kidney disease to oral semaglutide or placebo.

Participants receiving placebo treatment.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: invalid or missing unit.

Authoritative quality diagnostic: invalid or missing value.

Oral semaglutide reduces cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes

Participants received weekly injectable semaglutide 2.4 mg.

Semaglutide 2.4 mg

In SELECT, people with overweight or obesity and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease without diabetes were randomized to weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg or placebo.

Semaglutide may reduce cardiovascular events in non-diabetic patients.

Participants received semaglutide to evaluate cardiovascular, metabolic, and safety outcomes.

In SUSTAIN 6, participants received OW s.c. semaglutide 0.5 mg or 1.0 mg (median follow-up of 2 years), while in PIONEER 6, participants received OD oral semaglutide 14 mg (median observation time of 15.9 months).

Participants received a dose-matched placebo as a comparator to semaglutide.

In both trials, the comparator was dose-matched placebo and treatments were in addition to standard of care.

Semaglutide reduces cardiovascular events and body weight in T2D

Structured population data were available for 7 of 7 supporting studies. 6 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 7 studies described adult participants.

4 supporting studies do not have a displayable topic-matched quantitative effect.

Evidence uses heterogeneous comparison contexts: placebo, usual_care.

3 supporting studies have high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

1 study contains conflicting p-value and significance fields; those significance claims are suppressed.

Structured population data were available for 3 of 3 supporting studies. 1 study described participants with type 2 diabetes. 3 studies described adult participants.

2 of 3 studies with duration data have follow-up of 12 weeks or less.

Structured population data were available for 6 of 6 supporting studies. 4 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 6 studies described adult participants.

1 supporting study has high, serious, critical, unclear, or unavailable risk-of-bias information.

Structured population data were available for 3 of 3 supporting studies. 3 studies described participants with type 2 diabetes. 3 studies described adult participants.

Semaglutide × Nonfatal stroke

Available supporting studies

HbA1c mediates cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1 receptor agonists

Oral semaglutide reduces cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes

Semaglutide may reduce cardiovascular events in non-diabetic patients.

Semaglutide reduces cardiovascular events and body weight in T2D