Last updated September 12, 2026
Key finding
FPG decreased by 6.17% (P = 0.001)
This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise interventions on pre-diabetes outcomes.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise interventions on pre-diabetes outcomes.
With the rising prevalence of pre-diabetes, understanding effective interventions is crucial. This study highlights how structured exercise programs can significantly reduce risk factors associated with diabetes, suggesting that healthcare providers should consider recommending these interventions to at-risk populations.
The study did not assess long-term effects beyond the intervention period. Sample size and demographic diversity may limit generalizability. Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Xijuan L, Zhengzhen W, Bowen L, Xianbo Z, Xin L. Different impacts of aerobic and resistance exercise intervention on pre-diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2023;24:110. doi:10.1186/s13063-023-07116-3
Fasting plasma glucose decreased by 6.17% (P = 0.001) in the aerobic group.
2-hour glucose following OGTT decreased by 20.39% (P < 0.001) in the resistance group.
HOMA2-IR decreased by 18.31% (P = 0.001) in the resistance exercise group.
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Aerobic exercise, Control Group Usual Activity, Taichi plus resistance band training and 2-hour plasma glucose, BMI, Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), and 3 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Aerobic exercise
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
7
Related topics
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Evidence pairs
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Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence relationship
Related evidence
Evidence relationship
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Evidence relationship
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Aerobic exercise → 2-hour plasma glucose
Aerobic exercise → 2-hour plasma glucose
Aerobic exercise → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Aerobic exercise → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Control Group Usual Activity → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Control Group Usual Activity → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Taichi plus resistance band training → 2-hour plasma glucose
Taichi plus resistance band training → 2-hour plasma glucose
Taichi plus resistance band training → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Taichi plus resistance band training → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Taichi plus resistance band training → Glycated serum protein (GSP) levels
Taichi plus resistance band training → Glycated serum protein (GSP) levels
Taichi plus resistance band training → HOMA-IR (Supplement)
Taichi plus resistance band training → HOMA-IR (Supplement)
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Aerobic Exercise and Body Mass Index, Aerobic Exercise and Fasting Glucose.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Physical Activity
Physical Activity
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Fasting Glucose
Measures Fasting Glucose as a key outcome.
All studies on Aerobic Exercise
Contributes to Aerobic Exercise evidence base.
All studies measuring Body Mass Index
Measures Body Mass Index as a key outcome.
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
6 results
7 results
6 results
6 results
7 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Aerobic Exercise appears to improve body composition.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Waist circumference
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 9 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Aerobic Exercise appears to improve fasting glucose.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 83.2 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 14 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Aerobic Exercise may improve postprandial and ogtt glucose.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
2-hour plasma glucose
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 8 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Aerobic Exercise appears to affect body mass index.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
BMI
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 83.4 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 7 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
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