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Research Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™

Exercise Improves Sleep Habits in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Powered by the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework

Last updated July 11, 2026

Key finding

The average score of sleep habits in the experimental group decreased from 73.29 ± 6.70 to 47.06 ± 4.39.

This study investigated the impact of a regular exercise program on sleep habits in children with Type 1 Diabetes, revealing significant improvements in various sleep-related outcomes.

Quick read

Study at a glance

The essential study design details in one scan.

EvidenceScore™

Moderate

Study type

RCTs

Follow-up

Short-Term (≤3 mo)

Risk of bias

Some Concerns

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Plain-language summary

What this paper says

A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.

Study focus

This study investigated the impact of a regular exercise program on sleep habits in children with Type 1 Diabetes, revealing significant improvements in various sleep-related outcomes.

Clinical relevance

Improving sleep quality in children with Type 1 Diabetes is crucial, as poor sleep can negatively affect diabetes management and overall health. This study suggests that incorporating regular exercise could be a beneficial strategy for enhancing sleep and, consequently, the well-being of these children.

Keep in mind

The study's sample size may limit generalizability. No long-term follow-up data were collected. The control group did not show significant changes.

Published in

Journal Reference

Publication details and source links for this paper.

Nastaran A, Kimia K, Fatemeh V, Yaser M. The Effect of Exercise on Sleep Habits in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. BMC Pediatrics. 2024;24:283. doi:10.1186/s12887-024-04760-9

View DOIView on PubMedView on PMC

Main Effects

Sleep habits score decreased from 73.29 ± 6.70 to 47.06 ± 4.39 (p < 0.01).

Sleep anxiety decreased from 8.32 ± 1.72 to 5.41 ± 1.25 (p < 0.01).

Night wakings decreased from 5.58 ± 1.52 to 4.06 ± 1.15 (p < 0.01).

Evidence network

How this study fits

Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.

Evidence Context

This study contributes evidence to Aerobic exercise and Average sleep habits score measured by the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire, Bedtime resistance, Night wakings score, and 6 more.

This study contributes evidence to

Intervention

Aerobic exercise

Outcome

Average sleep habits score measured by the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire

Evidence topic

Aerobic Exercise

Primary intervention

Aerobic exercise

Primary outcomes

  • Average sleep habits score measured by the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire
  • Bedtime resistance
  • Night wakings score

Evidence topics

Aerobic Exercise

Primary intervention

Aerobic exercise

Primary outcomes

Average sleep habits score measured by the Children's Sleep Habits QuestionnaireBedtime resistanceNight wakings score

Evidence relationships

Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.

9
Evidence pairs
9
Relationships
1
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence

Editorial context

Why this study matters

See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.

Evidence network role

This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.

Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 59

1

Related topics

9

Evidence pairs

19

Related studies

High relevance in at least one topic

Why it is useful

  • Contributes to 9 evidence relationships
  • Includes primary outcome data
  • Linked to 1 direct semantic evidence topic

Topic contributions

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Add related evidence to your Evidence Tracker

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Primary evidence

Evidence relationship

Aerobic Exercise and Sleep Outcomes

Related evidence

Evidence topic

Aerobic Exercise

Save evidence

Intervention

Aerobic Exercise

Save evidence

Core evidence

Study findings

The primary outcomes reported in this study.

Average sleep habits score measured by the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire

Aerobic exercise → Average sleep habits score measured by the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire

Aerobic exercise → Average sleep habits score measured by the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Bedtime resistance

Aerobic exercise → Bedtime resistance

Aerobic exercise → Bedtime resistance

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Night wakings score

Aerobic exercise → Night wakings score

Aerobic exercise → Night wakings score

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Parasomnia Score

Aerobic exercise → Parasomnia Score

Aerobic exercise → Parasomnia Score

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Reduction in Daytime Sleepiness Measured by Epworth Sleepiness Scale

Aerobic exercise → Reduction in Daytime Sleepiness Measured by Epworth Sleepiness Scale

Aerobic exercise → Reduction in Daytime Sleepiness Measured by Epworth Sleepiness Scale

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Sleep anxiety score

Aerobic exercise → Sleep anxiety score

Aerobic exercise → Sleep anxiety score

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Sleep onset delay score

Aerobic exercise → Sleep onset delay score

Aerobic exercise → Sleep onset delay score

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Sleep-disordered breathing

Aerobic exercise → Sleep-disordered breathing

Aerobic exercise → Sleep-disordered breathing

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Total sleep time measured in minutes

Aerobic exercise → Total sleep time measured in minutes

Aerobic exercise → Total sleep time measured in minutes

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
ImpactScore™
75
Positive
ConsistencyScore™
35
mixed
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Add to Evidence Tracker

Evidence Library

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evidence suggest

Evidence Suggest

  • Sleep habits improved significantly with a decrease of 26.23 points (p < 0.01).
  • Sleep anxiety reduced by 2.91 points (p < 0.01).
  • Night wakings decreased by 1.52 points (p < 0.01).
who this applies

Who this applies to

  • Children aged 6-18 with Type 1 Diabetes.
  • Participants experiencing sleep disturbances.
keep in mind

Keep in Mind

  • Results may not apply to children outside the study's age range.
  • The exercise program's specifics may vary in different settings.
  • Further research is needed to explore long-term effects.
between the lines

Between the Lines

  • The study's sample size may limit generalizability.
  • No long-term follow-up data were collected.
  • The control group did not show significant changes.

Evidence Library

Build your evidence library

Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.

Connected Evidence

Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.

Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.

Powered by the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework

This study contributes to evidence on Aerobic Exercise and Sleep Outcomes, Aerobic Exercise and Bedtime resistance.

Related evidence relationships

Explore in Evidence Explorer

This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.

Questions answered by this study

Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.

Does Aerobic Exercise improve sleep outcomes?

Moderate Evidence

Aerobic Exercise may improve Sleep Outcomes.

ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.

Evidence caveat: The available evidence reports mixed findings.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Total sleep time measured in minutes

    EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.

Limitations

  • Only a small number of supporting studies are available.
  • Population details are unavailable.
2 supporting studiesUpdated: Aug 2026
View Full Evidence

Does Aerobic exercise improve average sleep habits score measured by the children's sleep habits questionnaire?

Emerging Evidence

Aerobic exercise appears to improve Average sleep habits score measured by the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Average sleep habits score measured by the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Consistency cannot yet be determined.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Aug 2026
View Full Evidence

Does Aerobic exercise improve night wakings score?

Emerging Evidence

Aerobic exercise appears to improve Night wakings score.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Night wakings score

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Consistency cannot yet be determined.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Aug 2026
View Full Evidence

Does Aerobic exercise improve parasomnia score?

Emerging Evidence

Aerobic exercise appears to improve Parasomnia Score.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Parasomnia Score

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Consistency cannot yet be determined.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Aug 2026
View Full Evidence
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Next steps

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Evidence topics

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Aerobic Exercise Evidence Hub

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All studies on Aerobic exercise and Average sleep habits score measured by the Children's Sleep Habits QuestionnaireAll studies on Aerobic exercise and Night wakings scoreAll studies on Aerobic exercise and Parasomnia ScoreAll studies on Aerobic exercise and Reduction in Daytime Sleepiness Measured by Epworth Sleepiness Scale

Related research

Read related research summaries.

Exercise Improves Sleep Quality in Type 2 DiabetesExercise improves metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetes with low insulin resistanceAerobic cycling improves metabolic health in middle-aged men with diabetesAerobic exercise improves vascular health in prediabetesExercise Reduces Glucose Levels in Type 2 Diabetes

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