Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 77
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 3 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerResearch Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Exercise Improves Sleep Quality in Type 2 Diabetes
Last updated July 11, 2026
Key finding
PSQI global score decreased by 0.37 after 12 weeks.
A comprehensive exercise program significantly improved sleep quality and various health markers in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
A comprehensive exercise program significantly improved sleep quality and various health markers in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Clinical relevance
Improving sleep quality in individuals with type 2 diabetes is crucial, as poor sleep can exacerbate metabolic issues and affect overall health. This study suggests that structured exercise programs, particularly those combining different types of exercise, can be an effective intervention to enhance sleep and metabolic health, potentially leading to better management of diabetes.
Keep in mind
The effectiveness of specific exercise types remains unclear due to limited comparative data. The study's sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings. Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled for in the analysis.
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Yu H, Yue-Xia H, Fang H, et al. A Comprehensive Exercise Program Improves Sleep Quality in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2025;16:1471608. doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1471608
Main Effects
All exercise programs improved the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total score with a decrease of -0.37 (p=0.001).
Only combination exercise improved total sleep time by 21.5 minutes (p=0.015).
Combination exercise also improved sleep efficiency by 11.3% (p=0.038).
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Aerobic exercise and BMI, Blood glucose, HbA1c, and 8 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Aerobic exercise
Primary outcomes
- BMI
- Blood glucose
- HbA1c
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
11
Evidence pairs
11
Relationships
5
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 72
5
Related topics
11
Evidence pairs
1291
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 11 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 5 direct semantic evidence topics
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence relationship
Aerobic Exercise and Body Mass Index
Related evidence
Evidence relationship
Aerobic Exercise and HbA1c
Save evidence
Evidence relationship
Aerobic Exercise and Fasting Glucose
Save evidence
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 79
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 88
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 4 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 78
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 75
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 4 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 35
- mixed
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerSubcutaneous adipose tissue area
Aerobic exercise → Subcutaneous adipose tissue area
Aerobic exercise → Subcutaneous adipose tissue area
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerTotal sleep time measured in minutes
Aerobic exercise → Total sleep time measured in minutes
Aerobic exercise → Total sleep time measured in minutes
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 35
- mixed
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerVisceral adipose tissue area
Aerobic exercise → Visceral adipose tissue area
Aerobic exercise → Visceral adipose tissue area
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerWake time after sleep onset in minutes
Aerobic exercise → Wake time after sleep onset in minutes
Aerobic exercise → Wake time after sleep onset in minutes
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Library
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Evidence Suggest
- BMI decreased significantly by -2.72 kg/m² (p=0.017) post-intervention.
- Fasting blood glucose levels decreased significantly after the intervention.
- HOMA-IR (insulin resistance index) showed significant reduction, indicating improved insulin sensitivity.
Who this applies to
- Adults aged 30-65 with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.
- Individuals seeking to improve sleep quality and metabolic health through exercise.
Keep in Mind
- Results are specific to the studied population and may not apply to all individuals with diabetes.
- The long-term effects of these exercise interventions on sleep and health outcomes are not yet established.
- Further research is needed to explore the optimal types and intensities of exercise for this population.
Between the Lines
- The effectiveness of specific exercise types remains unclear due to limited comparative data.
- The study's sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings.
- Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled for in the analysis.
Evidence Library
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Aerobic Exercise and Body Mass Index, Aerobic Exercise and HbA1c.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ExplorerThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Physical Activity
Aerobic Exercise → Body Mass Index
Physical Activity
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 79
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 88
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 4 studies
View evidencePhysical Activity
Aerobic Exercise → HbA1c
Physical Activity
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 78
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 75
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 75
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 4 studies
View evidencePhysical Activity
Aerobic Exercise → Quality of Life Outcomes
Physical Activity
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
View evidenceIncluded in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
Aerobic Exercise Evidence Hub
All studies on Aerobic Exercise
4 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Aerobic Exercise evidence base.
Body Mass Index Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Body Mass Index
4 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Body Mass Index as a key outcome.
HbA1c Evidence Hub
All studies measuring HbA1c
4 studies
outcome_hubMeasures HbA1c as a key outcome.
Quality of Life Outcomes Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Quality of Life Outcomes
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Quality of Life Outcomes as a key outcome.
Recent Diabetes Research
Latest published studies
recency_collection
Published within the last 2 years.
Explore more in Evidence Explorer
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
All studies on Aerobic exercise and BMI
Intervention: Aerobic exerciseOutcome: BMI
4 results
All studies on Aerobic exercise and HbA1c
Intervention: Aerobic exerciseOutcome: HbA1c
4 results
All studies on Aerobic exercise
Intervention: Aerobic exercise
4 results
All studies measuring BMI
Outcome: BMI
4 results
All studies measuring HbA1c
Outcome: HbA1c
4 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does Aerobic Exercise affect body mass index?
Strong Evidence
Aerobic Exercise appears to improve Body Mass Index.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
BMI
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 78.8 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 5 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Aerobic Exercise improve HbA1c?
Strong Evidence
Aerobic Exercise may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 77.8 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 7 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Aerobic Exercise improve fasting glucose?
Strong Evidence
Aerobic Exercise appears to improve Fasting Glucose.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Blood glucose
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 77.4 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 7 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Aerobic Exercise improve body composition?
Strong Evidence
Aerobic Exercise appears to improve Body Composition.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Lean body mass
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 4 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
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