Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerResearch Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Afternoon fed resistance exercise improves glucose levels in type 1 diabetes
Last updated July 12, 2026
Key finding
Mean glucose levels were lower in the 6-hour period after afternoon fed versus morning fasted resistance exercise (9.46 ± 2.56 vs. 8.65 ± 2.04 mmol/L, P = 0.04).
This study examined how resistance exercise timing and feeding status affect glycaemic responses in individuals with type 1 diabetes, finding significant differences in glucose levels post-exercise.
Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Risk of bias
High Risk
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Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study examined how resistance exercise timing and feeding status affect glycaemic responses in individuals with type 1 diabetes, finding significant differences in glucose levels post-exercise.
Clinical relevance
These findings are significant for individuals with type 1 diabetes as they highlight the importance of exercise timing and feeding status in managing blood glucose levels. By optimizing exercise routines, patients may achieve better glycaemic control, potentially reducing the risk of diabetes-related complications.
Keep in mind
Limited sample size may affect generalizability. Short duration of follow-up may not capture long-term effects. Participants were only individuals with type 1 diabetes, limiting applicability to other diabetes types.
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Ebaa SAO, Yasmine GH, Ameenah AAA, et al. Resistance exercise timing and feeding status influence glycaemic responses in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews. 2026;42(5):e70190. doi:10.1002/dmrr.70190
Main Effects
Mean glucose levels were significantly lower after afternoon fed resistance exercise compared to morning fasted exercise (-0.81 mmol/L, P = 0.04).
Mean glucose levels were significantly lower after afternoon fed resistance exercise compared to morning fed exercise (-0.57 mmol/L, P = 0.04).
No significant difference in time in range was observed between morning fasted and afternoon fed resistance exercise (50.9% vs. 67.0%, P = 0.007).
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Resistance training and Blood glucose, Time above range, Time in range.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Resistance training
Primary outcomes
- Blood glucose
- Time above range
- Time in range
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
3
Evidence pairs
3
Relationships
1
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 63
1
Related topics
3
Evidence pairs
171
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 3 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 1 direct semantic evidence topic
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
Glycemic Control
matched_outcome
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Library
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Evidence Suggest
- Afternoon fed resistance exercise reduced mean glucose levels by 0.81 mmol/L compared to morning fasted exercise.
- No significant difference in time in range was found between morning fasted and afternoon fed exercises.
- Participants spent more time above range after morning fed exercise compared to afternoon fed.
Who this applies to
- Individuals diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.
- Patients managing diabetes through exercise and diet.
- Adults aged 18-65 engaging in resistance training.
Keep in Mind
- Results may not apply to individuals with type 2 diabetes.
- Findings are based on a specific exercise regimen and may not generalize to other forms of physical activity.
- Further research is needed to explore long-term effects and mechanisms.
Between the Lines
- Limited sample size may affect generalizability.
- Short duration of follow-up may not capture long-term effects.
- Participants were only individuals with type 1 diabetes, limiting applicability to other diabetes types.
Evidence Library
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Resistance training and Fasting Glucose, Resistance training and CGM Time in Range.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ExplorerThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Physical Activity
Resistance training → Fasting Glucose
Physical Activity
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
View evidencePhysical Activity
Resistance training → CGM Time in Range
Physical Activity
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
View evidenceIncluded in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
CGM Time in Range Evidence Hub
All studies measuring CGM Time in Range
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures CGM Time in Range as a key outcome.
Fasting Glucose Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Fasting Glucose
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Fasting Glucose as a key outcome.
Resistance training Evidence Hub
All studies on Resistance training
1 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Resistance training evidence base.
Recent Diabetes Research
Latest published studies
recency_collection
Published within the last 2 years.
Explore more in Evidence Explorer
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All studies on Resistance training and Blood glucose
Intervention: Resistance trainingOutcome: Blood glucose
1 results
All studies on Resistance training and Time above range
Intervention: Resistance trainingOutcome: Time above range
1 results
All studies on Resistance training
Intervention: Resistance training
1 results
All studies measuring Blood glucose
Outcome: Blood glucose
1 results
All studies measuring Time above range
Outcome: Time above range
1 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does Resistance training improve blood glucose?
Emerging Evidence
Resistance training appears to improve Blood glucose.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Blood glucose
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Resistance training improve time above range?
Emerging Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Resistance training for Time above range.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Time above range
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Resistance training improve time in range?
Emerging Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Resistance training for Time in range.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Time in range
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
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Resistance training improves 2-hour glucose tolerance in older adults with prediabetes, depending on phenotypeResistance training may help reverse prediabetes and improve strengthHome resistance training and leisure activity both improve blood sugar and boost helpful GLP-1 hormone in children with type 1 diabetesNo significant impact on metabolic rate from interventions in older adults with diabetesAcute exercise improves long-term glycemic control in older adults.
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