Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerType 1 Diabetes (T1D)Exercise Therapy
Research Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Home resistance training and leisure activity both improve blood sugar and boost helpful GLP-1 hormone in children with type 1 diabetes
Last updated May 7, 2026
Key finding
An 8-week study of 20 children with type 1 diabetes found that both home-based resistance training and leisure-time physical activities improved blood sugar control and increased GLP-1 hormone levels, with resistance training showing greater cardiovascular benefits.
This study tested two types of exercise in children with type 1 diabetes: structured home resistance workouts and self-chosen leisure activities like sports. After 8 weeks, both groups saw lower blood sugar levels and increased levels of GLP-1, a hormone that helps with insulin. The resistance training group showed better improvements in cardiovascular fitness.
Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Low
Study type
Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs)
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
An 8-week study of 20 children with type 1 diabetes found that both home-based resistance training and leisure-time physical activities improved blood sugar control and increased GLP-1 hormone levels, with resistance training showing greater cardiovascular benefits.
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Nazari M, Minasian V, Hovsepian S. Impact of an 8-week home-based resistance training and leisure-time physical activity on serum glucagon-like peptide-1 and microRNA-192 levels in children with type 1 diabetes: A randomized clinical trial. J Res Med Sci. 2025;30:58.
Main Effects
↓ Fasting blood glucose (30-35 mg/dL reduction in both groups)
↑ GLP-1 hormone levels (2.5-3.7 pg/mL increase)
↓ MicroRNA-192 levels (58-60% decrease in both groups)
↑ Cardiovascular fitness (greater in resistance training group)
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Aerobic exercise, Resistance training and GLP-1, HbA1c, MicroRNA-192, and 2 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Aerobic exercise
Primary outcomes
- GLP-1
- HbA1c
- MicroRNA-192
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
9
Evidence pairs
9
Relationships
5
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 54
5
Related topics
9
Evidence pairs
556
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 9 evidence relationships
- Uses a randomized study design signal
- Linked to 5 direct semantic evidence topics
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence relationship
Aerobic Exercise and HbA1c
Related evidence
Evidence topic
Diabetic Neuropathy
Save evidence
Evidence topic
Prediabetes
Save evidence
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 78
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerFasting insulin levels
Resistance training → Fasting insulin levels
Resistance training → Fasting insulin levels
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 55
- Slightly Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 55
- Slightly Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Library
Build your evidence library
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Evidence Suggest
- Both structured home resistance training and self-chosen leisure activities effectively reduce fasting blood glucose in children with type 1 diabetes
- Exercise increases GLP-1 secretion and decreases miRNA-192 expression, potentially supporting pancreatic β-cell health
- Home-based resistance training produces superior cardiovascular fitness gains compared to leisure-time activities
Who this applies to
This research applies to children with type 1 diabetes (average age 12-13 years) who have been diagnosed for at least 2 years and are not currently engaged in regular exercise. The findings may be particularly relevant for families looking for practical, home-based or recreational physical activity options.
Keep in Mind
The study was quite small with only 20 children total, which limits how confidently we can apply these findings. The 8-week timeframe was relatively short, and longer studies are needed to see if these benefits persist and lead to meaningful improvements in long-term diabetes control (HbA1c). The leisure activity group had less structured exercise, so intensity and type varied between participants. Both groups showed improvements, but we don't know how they compare to children who don't exercise at all.
Between the Lines
- Very small sample size (10 participants per group) limits statistical power and generalizability
- Short 8-week duration may be insufficient to detect HbA1c changes
- No true control group (no exercise comparison)
- Exercise intensity in leisure group was not controlled or monitored
Evidence Library
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Aerobic Exercise and HbA1c, Aerobic Exercise and GLP-1.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ExplorerThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Physical Activity
Aerobic Exercise → HbA1c
Physical Activity
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Moderate
- Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
- ImpactScore™
- 78
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 100
- consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
View evidencePhysical Activity
Aerobic Exercise → GLP-1
Physical Activity
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
View evidenceIncluded in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
Aerobic Exercise Evidence Hub
All studies on Aerobic Exercise
2 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Aerobic Exercise evidence base.
HbA1c Evidence Hub
All studies measuring HbA1c
2 studies
outcome_hubMeasures HbA1c as a key outcome.
GLP-1 Evidence Hub
All studies measuring GLP-1
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures GLP-1 as a key outcome.
Explore more in Evidence Explorer
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
All studies on Aerobic exercise and HbA1c
Intervention: Aerobic exerciseOutcome: HbA1c
2 results
All studies on Aerobic exercise and GLP-1
Intervention: Aerobic exerciseOutcome: GLP-1
1 results
All studies on Aerobic exercise
Intervention: Aerobic exercise
2 results
All studies measuring HbA1c
Outcome: HbA1c
2 results
All studies measuring GLP-1
Outcome: GLP-1
1 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does Aerobic Exercise improve HbA1c?
Strong Evidence
Aerobic Exercise appears to improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 3 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Aerobic exercise improve glp-1?
Emerging Evidence
Aerobic exercise appears to improve GLP-1.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
GLP-1
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Aerobic exercise improve microrna-192?
Emerging Evidence
Aerobic exercise appears to improve MicroRNA-192.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
MicroRNA-192
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Aerobic exercise improve vo2 max?
Emerging Evidence
Aerobic exercise appears to improve VO2 max.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
VO2 max
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
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