Evidence Intelligence™
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Unlock full evidence detailsResearch Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
Cholecalciferol may reduce depression in type 2 diabetes patients
Last updated July 5, 2026
Key finding
The mean decrease (delta) in the BDI-II score for the cholecalciferol group was -10.053.
This study investigated the effects of cholecalciferol on depression in patients with type 2 diabetes, finding significant improvements in depression scores compared to placebo.
Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study's main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study investigated the effects of cholecalciferol on depression in patients with type 2 diabetes, finding significant improvements in depression scores compared to placebo.
Clinical relevance
This study highlights the potential role of cholecalciferol in managing depression among patients with type 2 diabetes, a population often affected by both conditions. Improved mental health can enhance overall well-being and may lead to better diabetes management outcomes, making it a significant area for further research and clinical application.
Keep in mind
The study's sample size and demographic diversity may limit generalizability. The effects of long-term cholecalciferol use were not assessed. Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled.
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Rudi P, Siti S, Martina WN, et al. The effects of cholecalciferol on depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial. Narra J. 2024;4(3):e1342. doi:10.52225/narra.v4i3.1342
Main Effects
The cholecalciferol group showed a significant reduction in Beck Depression Inventory-II scores by -10.05 (p < 0.001).
C-peptide levels increased significantly in the cholecalciferol group by 61.61 pg/mL (p = 0.006).
No significant differences were observed in serotonin and neurotrophin-3 levels between groups.
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Cholecalciferol and C-peptide, Depression score, Neurotrophin-3, and 1 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Cholecalciferol
Primary outcomes
- C-peptide
- Depression score
- Neurotrophin-3
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
4
Evidence pairs
4
Relationships
0
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 50
0
Related topics
4
Evidence pairs
0
Related studies
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 4 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 0 direct semantic evidence topics
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Evidence Intelligence™
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Unlock full evidence detailsEvidence Intelligence™
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Unlock full evidence detailsEvidence Intelligence™
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Unlock full evidence detailsUnlock full evidence analysis
Create a free account to access effectiveness ratings, evidence strength and depth scores, consistency analysis, and direct links to all supporting studies.
Evidence Suggest
- Cholecalciferol reduced depression scores significantly (p < 0.001).
- C-peptide levels increased in the cholecalciferol group (p = 0.006).
- No significant changes in serotonin and neurotrophin-3 levels.
Who this applies to
- Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Patients experiencing symptoms of depression.
Keep in Mind
- Results may not apply to populations outside the study's demographic.
- The study did not evaluate the long-term effects of cholecalciferol.
- Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms behind these findings.
Between the Lines
- The study's sample size and demographic diversity may limit generalizability.
- The effects of long-term cholecalciferol use were not assessed.
- Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled.
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Cholecalciferol and C-peptide, Cholecalciferol and Mental Health.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ArchiveThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Supplements
Detailed evidenceCholecalciferol → C-peptide
Supplements
Evidence Intelligence™
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
View evidenceSupplements
Detailed evidenceCholecalciferol → Mental Health
Supplements
Evidence Intelligence™
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
View evidenceIncluded in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
C-peptide Evidence Hub
All studies measuring C-peptide
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures C-peptide as a key outcome.
Cholecalciferol Evidence Hub
All studies on Cholecalciferol
1 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Cholecalciferol evidence base.
Mental Health Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Mental Health
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Mental Health as a key outcome.
Recent Diabetes Research
Latest published studies
recency_collection
Published within the last 2 years.
Explore more in the evidence archive
Jump to pre-filtered views in the evidence archive.
All studies on Cholecalciferol and C-peptide
Intervention: CholecalciferolOutcome: C-peptide
1 results
All studies on Cholecalciferol and Depression score
Intervention: CholecalciferolOutcome: Depression score
1 results
All studies on Cholecalciferol
Intervention: Cholecalciferol
1 results
All studies measuring C-peptide
Outcome: C-peptide
1 results
All studies measuring Depression score
Outcome: Depression score
1 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does Cholecalciferol improve c-peptide?
Emerging Evidence
Cholecalciferol appears to improve C-peptide.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
C-peptide
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Cholecalciferol improve depression score?
Emerging Evidence
Cholecalciferol appears to improve Depression score.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Depression score
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Cholecalciferol improve neurotrophin-3?
Emerging Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Cholecalciferol for Neurotrophin-3.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Neurotrophin-3
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Cholecalciferol improve serotonin?
Emerging Evidence
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Cholecalciferol for Serotonin.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Serotonin
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
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