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Research Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™

Concurrent training improves fitness and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.

Powered by the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework

Last updated August 24, 2026

Key finding

VO2 Peak increased by 2.999 mL/kg/min in CART.

This study evaluated the effects of twelve weeks of concurrent training on cardiovascular fitness, glycemic control, and obesity indices in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Both training interventions showed significant improvements in fitness and metabolic health indicators.

Quick read

Study at a glance

The essential study design details in one scan.

EvidenceScore™

Moderate

Study type

RCTs

Follow-up

Medium-Term (3–12 mo)

Risk of bias

Some Concerns

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Plain-language summary

What this paper says

A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.

Study focus

This study evaluated the effects of twelve weeks of concurrent training on cardiovascular fitness, glycemic control, and obesity indices in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Both training interventions showed significant improvements in fitness and metabolic health indicators.

Clinical relevance

These findings are clinically significant as they suggest that structured exercise programs combining aerobic and resistance training can effectively enhance cardiovascular health and metabolic control in individuals with T2DM. This could lead to improved management of diabetes and related health complications, ultimately benefiting patient outcomes.

Keep in mind

Sample size and demographic diversity were not specified. Potential lack of long-term follow-up data. Effectiveness claims remain unclear due to unspecified p-values.

Published in

Journal Reference

Publication details and source links for this paper.

Friew A, Alemmebrat K, Aschenaki T. Twelve weeks of concurrent training effectively enhanced cardiovascular fitness, glycemic control, and obesity indices in T2DM patients. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2026;18:69. doi:10.1186/s13102-026-01528-9

View DOIView on PubMedView on PMC

Main Effects

CART increased VO2 Peak by 2.999 mL/kg/min.

CART decreased GT AUC by 23.01 units.

CART reduced BMI by 2.76 kg/m².

Evidence network

How this study fits

Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.

Evidence Context

This study contributes evidence to Resistance training and BMI, Glucose iAUC (OGTT), VO2 max, and 1 more.

This study contributes evidence to

Intervention

Resistance training

Outcome

BMI

Evidence topic

Diabetic Neuropathy

Primary intervention

Resistance training

Primary outcomes

  • BMI
  • Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
  • VO2 max

Evidence topics

Diabetic NeuropathyPrediabetesWeight LossGlycemic Control

Primary intervention

Resistance training

Primary outcomes

BMIGlucose iAUC (OGTT)VO2 max

Evidence relationships

Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.

4
Evidence pairs
4
Relationships
4
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence

Editorial context

Why this study matters

See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.

Evidence network role

This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.

Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 72

4

Related topics

4

Evidence pairs

1055

Related studies

High relevance in at least one topic

Why it is useful

  • Contributes to 4 evidence relationships
  • Includes primary outcome data
  • Linked to 4 direct semantic evidence topics

Topic contributions

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

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Primary evidence

Evidence topic

Diabetic Neuropathy

matched_intervention_and_outcome

Related evidence

Evidence topic

Prediabetes

Save evidence

Core evidence

Study findings

The primary outcomes reported in this study.

BMI

Resistance training → BMI

Resistance training → BMI

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
100
consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Add to Evidence Tracker

Glucose iAUC (OGTT)

Resistance training → Glucose iAUC (OGTT)

Resistance training → Glucose iAUC (OGTT)

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
66
Moderate
ImpactScore™
79
Positive
ConsistencyScore™
35
mixed
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Add to Evidence Tracker

VO2 max

Resistance training → VO2 max

Resistance training → VO2 max

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Score 69 · Based on 2 studies
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
100
consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 2 studies
Add to Evidence Tracker

Waist-to-hip ratio

Resistance training → Waist-to-hip ratio

Resistance training → Waist-to-hip ratio

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
100
Very Positive
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Evidence Library

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evidence suggest

Evidence Suggest

  • CART improved VO2 Peak significantly by 2.999 mL/kg/min.
  • CART reduced GT AUC by 23.01 units, indicating better glucose control.
  • CART led to a greater BMI reduction of 2.76 kg/m² compared to CRAT.
who this applies

Who this applies to

  • Adults diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
  • Individuals seeking to improve cardiovascular fitness and metabolic health.
keep in mind

Keep in Mind

  • Results may not be generalizable to all populations with T2DM.
  • Further research is needed to confirm long-term benefits.
  • Effect sizes were not statistically significant, limiting definitive conclusions.
between the lines

Between the Lines

  • Sample size and demographic diversity were not specified.
  • Potential lack of long-term follow-up data.
  • Effectiveness claims remain unclear due to unspecified p-values.

Evidence Library

Build your evidence library

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Connected Evidence

Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.

Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.

Powered by the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework

This study contributes to evidence on Resistance training and Body Mass Index, Resistance training and VO2 max.

Related evidence relationships

Explore in Evidence Explorer

This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.

Questions answered by this study

Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.

Does Resistance training affect bmi?

Moderate Evidence

Resistance training appears to improve BMI.

ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    BMI

    EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Aug 2026
View Full Evidence

Does Resistance training improve vo2 max?

Moderate Evidence

Resistance training appears to improve VO2 max.

ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    VO2 max

    EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Aug 2026
View Full Evidence

Does Resistance training improve glucose iauc (ogtt)?

Moderate Evidence

Resistance training may improve Glucose iAUC (OGTT).

ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.

Evidence caveat: The available evidence reports mixed findings.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Glucose iAUC (OGTT)

    EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 66.2 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Aug 2026
View Full Evidence

Does Resistance training affect waist-to-hip ratio?

Emerging Evidence

Resistance training appears to improve Waist-to-hip ratio.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Waist-to-hip ratio

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
  • Consistency cannot yet be determined.
  • Population details are unavailable.
1 supporting studyUpdated: Aug 2026
View Full Evidence
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Next steps

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Evidence topics

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Diabetic Neuropathy Evidence HubPrediabetes Evidence HubWeight Loss Evidence HubGlycemic Control Evidence Hub

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All studies on Resistance training and VO2 maxAll studies on Resistance training and Glucose iAUC (OGTT)All studies on Resistance training and BMIAll studies on Resistance training and Waist-to-hip ratio

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HIIT and Aerobic-Resistance Training Improve Diabetes OutcomesResistance training improves 2-hour glucose tolerance in older adults with prediabetes, depending on phenotypeResistance training may help reverse prediabetes and improve strengthStructured exercise improves weight loss after gastric bypass surgeryExercise Improves Health in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

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