Last updated September 12, 2026
Key finding
EX showed significantly increased adropin levels (p = 0.03)
This study examined the impact of 12 weeks of combined aerobic-resistance training on adropin levels and arterial stiffness in women with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The exercise group showed significant improvements in adropin levels and reduced arterial stiffness.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study examined the impact of 12 weeks of combined aerobic-resistance training on adropin levels and arterial stiffness in women with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The exercise group showed significant improvements in adropin levels and reduced arterial stiffness.
These findings suggest that incorporating combined aerobic and resistance training into the management of type 2 diabetes may enhance metabolic health and cardiovascular function, potentially leading to better long-term outcomes for patients.
Limited generalizability due to the specific population studied. Potential variability in adherence to the exercise program. Short duration of the intervention may not reflect long-term effects.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Fatemeh ME, Adel D, Asra A, Susan M. Effects of 12 weeks of combined aerobic-resistance training on adropin levels and arterial stiffness in women with T2D. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2026;18:315. doi:10.1186/s13102-026-01749-y
The exercise group showed a significant increase in serum adropin levels (p = 0.03).
The exercise group demonstrated a significant reduction in CAVI (p = 0.01).
No significant changes in adropin levels were observed in the control group.
No significant changes in CAVI were noted in the control group.
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Moderate continuous exercise, Supervised Multicomponent Exercise (MCE) and Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), Serum adropin.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Moderate continuous exercise
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
1
Related topics
4
Evidence pairs
38
Related studies
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_intervention
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Moderate continuous exercise → Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)
Moderate continuous exercise → Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)
Moderate continuous exercise → Serum adropin
Moderate continuous exercise → Serum adropin
Supervised Multicomponent Exercise (MCE) → Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)
Supervised Multicomponent Exercise (MCE) → Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)
Supervised Multicomponent Exercise (MCE) → Serum adropin
Supervised Multicomponent Exercise (MCE) → Serum adropin
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Aerobic Exercise and Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), Aerobic Exercise and Serum adropin.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Physical Activity
Physical Activity
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies on Aerobic Exercise
Contributes to Aerobic Exercise evidence base.
All studies measuring Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)
Measures Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Serum adropin
Measures Serum adropin as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Supervised Multicomponent Exercise (MCE) appears to improve cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI).
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Supervised Multicomponent Exercise (MCE) appears to improve serum adropin.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Serum adropin
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Moderate continuous exercise for cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI).
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Moderate continuous exercise for serum adropin.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Serum adropin
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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