Last updated July 4, 2026
Key finding
Mean HbA1c levels decreased to 6.21 ± 0.62% in the test arm and 6.26 ± 0.64% in the reference arm, with a mean reduction of -2.20 ± 0.91%.
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of generic semaglutide compared to innovator semaglutide in Indian adults with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin, finding non-inferior results.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of generic semaglutide compared to innovator semaglutide in Indian adults with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin, finding non-inferior results.
This study highlights the potential of generic semaglutide as an effective alternative to innovator semaglutide for managing type 2 diabetes, which could improve access to treatment for patients in India. With a significant proportion of participants achieving target HbA1c levels, it emphasizes the importance of affordable options in diabetes care.
The study was limited to Indian adults, which may affect generalizability to other populations. Sample size and duration may not capture long-term effects or rare adverse events. The study did not assess the cost-effectiveness of generic versus innovator semaglutide.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Nitin K, Shehla S, Saptarshi B, et al. Generic semaglutide demonstrated non-inferior efficacy and comparable safety to innovator Semaglutide in Indian adults with T2DM inadequately controlled on metformin. Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports. 2026;12:21. doi:10.1186/s40842-026-00290-8
Mean HbA1c levels decreased to 6.21 ± 0.62% in the test arm and 6.26 ± 0.64% in the reference arm, with a mean reduction of -2.20 ± 0.91%.
A total of 86.62% of participants achieved HbA1c < 7.0%.
Safety profiles were comparable, with predominantly mild-to-moderate adverse events.
Evidence network
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
This study contributes evidence to Semaglutide and Adverse events incidence, Body weight, Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), and 3 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Semaglutide
Primary outcomes
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
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Contributes evidence
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Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence relationship
Related evidence
Evidence relationship
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Evidence relationship
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Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Semaglutide → Adverse events incidence
Semaglutide → Adverse events incidence
Semaglutide → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Semaglutide → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Body Weight, GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and HbA1c.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Medications
Medications
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring HbA1c
Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Body Weight
Measures Body Weight as a key outcome.
All studies on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Contributes to GLP-1 Receptor Agonists evidence base.
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Published within the last 2 years.
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11 results
13 results
11 results
11 results
13 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists may improve Body Weight.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Body weight
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 87.5 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 26 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists appears to improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 87.3 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 27 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists may improve Fasting Glucose.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 8 supporting studies with generally consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists may improve Hypoglycemia.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
Hypoglycemia events
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on 12 supporting studies with consistent results and a positive effect signal.
Limitations
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