Last updated July 18, 2026
Key finding
After 16 wk, there was no significant between-group difference in HbA1c [Δ = −0.01%, 95% CI: −0.03, 0.06; P = 0.49].
This study evaluated the effectiveness of β-glucan-enriched bread on glycemic control in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes, finding no significant differences in key outcomes.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Short-Term (≤3 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the effectiveness of β-glucan-enriched bread on glycemic control in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes, finding no significant differences in key outcomes.
Understanding the effectiveness of dietary interventions like β-glucan-enriched bread is crucial for developing strategies to prevent type 2 diabetes. This study highlights the need for further research into dietary options that can effectively support glycemic control in at-risk populations.
Limited sample size may affect generalizability. Short duration of the study may not capture long-term effects. No significant differences observed could indicate ineffectiveness.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Therese H, Alena S, Ingrid R, et al. Effectiveness of β-glucan–enriched bread on glycemic control in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2025;122(3):724-732. doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.06.018
No significant change in HbA1c (Δ = −0.01%, P = 0.49)
No significant change in FPG (Δ = −0.02 mmol/L)
No significant change in insulin levels (Δ = −0.76 pmol/L)
No significant change in LDL cholesterol (Δ = −0.11 mmol/L)
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to β-glucan-enriched bread and Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), HbA1c, Insulin, and 1 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
β-glucan-enriched bread
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
3
Related topics
4
Evidence pairs
1489
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Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
Save evidence
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
β-glucan-enriched bread → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
β-glucan-enriched bread → Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
Evidence Library
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on β-glucan-enriched bread and Fasting Glucose, β-glucan-enriched bread and HbA1c.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diet and Nutrition
Diet and Nutrition
Diet and Nutrition
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies measuring Fasting Glucose
Measures Fasting Glucose as a key outcome.
All studies on β-glucan-enriched bread
Contributes to β-glucan-enriched bread evidence base.
All studies measuring Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers
Measures Adipokine and Angiogenic Markers as a key outcome.
All studies measuring HbA1c
Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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2 results
1 results
2 results
2 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of β-glucan-enriched bread for fasting plasma glucose (FPG).
ConsistencyScore™: Results are mixed and should be interpreted cautiously.
Ranked evidence signals
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
EvidenceScore™ Moderate | EvidenceScore™ 69.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Mixed | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is cautious because the available studies report mixed findings.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of β-glucan-enriched bread for HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of β-glucan-enriched bread for insulin.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Insulin
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of β-glucan-enriched bread for ldl cholesterol.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
LDL cholesterol
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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