Last updated August 22, 2026
Key finding
Increased RdT/Insulin of 1.0 ± 0.6 mg kg⁻¹ min⁻¹ in OMNI.
This study evaluated the effects of high-protein diets on glycaemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes, finding significant improvements in HbA1c and peripheral insulin sensitivity.
Quick read
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
High Risk
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Plain-language summary
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the effects of high-protein diets on glycaemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes, finding significant improvements in HbA1c and peripheral insulin sensitivity.
Improving glycaemic control is crucial for managing type 2 diabetes and reducing the risk of complications. This study suggests that high-protein diets can be a beneficial dietary strategy for adults with type 2 diabetes, potentially leading to better health outcomes and improved quality of life.
Limited sample size may affect generalizability. No long-term follow-up data to assess sustainability of diet effects. Potential confounding factors not controlled for.
Published in
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Gráinne W, Marlou LD, Sam W, et al. High-protein diets improve glycaemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism. 2024;27(3):1143-1152. doi:10.1111/dom.16100
HbA1c decreased significantly by -6 mmol/mol (p = 0.001).
Peripheral insulin sensitivity increased by 1.0 ± 0.6 mg kg⁻¹ min⁻¹ in the omnivorous group.
Peripheral insulin sensitivity increased by 1.0 ± 0.3 mg kg⁻¹ min⁻¹ in the vegan group.
Evidence network
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This study contributes evidence to Animal Protein Diet, High-protein vegan diet with mycoprotein and Glucose iAUC (OGTT), Glucose variability, HbA1c, and 1 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Animal Protein Diet
Primary outcomes
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
Editorial context
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Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
2
Related topics
8
Evidence pairs
707
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Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
matched_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
Save evidence
Core evidence
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Animal Protein Diet → Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
Animal Protein Diet → Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
Animal Protein Diet → Glucose variability
Animal Protein Diet → Glucose variability
Animal Protein Diet → Insulin sensitivity
Animal Protein Diet → Insulin sensitivity
High-protein vegan diet with mycoprotein → Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
High-protein vegan diet with mycoprotein → Glucose iAUC (OGTT)
High-protein vegan diet with mycoprotein → Glucose variability
High-protein vegan diet with mycoprotein → Glucose variability
High-protein vegan diet with mycoprotein → HbA1c
High-protein vegan diet with mycoprotein → HbA1c
High-protein vegan diet with mycoprotein → Insulin sensitivity
High-protein vegan diet with mycoprotein → Insulin sensitivity
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Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Animal Protein Diet and HbA1c, Animal Protein Diet and Postprandial and OGTT Glucose.
This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diet and Nutrition
Diet and Nutrition
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
All studies on Animal Protein Diet
Contributes to Animal Protein Diet evidence base.
All studies measuring HbA1c
Measures HbA1c as a key outcome.
All studies measuring Postprandial and OGTT Glucose
Measures Postprandial and OGTT Glucose as a key outcome.
Latest published studies
Published within the last 2 years.
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3 results
1 results
3 results
3 results
1 results
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Animal Protein Diet may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 77.3 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Animal Protein Diet appears to improve Glucose variability.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Glucose variability
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
Animal Protein Diet appears to improve Insulin sensitivity.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Insulin sensitivity
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
High-protein vegan diet with mycoprotein appears to improve Glucose variability.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
Glucose variability
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
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