Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerResearch Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™
High-protein diet may reduce cardiometabolic risks in diabetes patients
Last updated August 22, 2026
Key finding
Weight decreased by 3.6 kg.
This study evaluated the effects of high-protein versus standard-protein diets on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese patients with heart failure and diabetes, showing various reductions in weight and metabolic markers.
Quick read
Study at a glance
The essential study design details in one scan.
EvidenceScore™
Moderate
Study type
RCTs
Follow-up
Medium-Term (3–12 mo)
Risk of bias
Some Concerns
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Plain-language summary
What this paper says
A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.
Study focus
This study evaluated the effects of high-protein versus standard-protein diets on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese patients with heart failure and diabetes, showing various reductions in weight and metabolic markers.
Clinical relevance
With rising rates of obesity and diabetes, understanding dietary impacts on health is crucial. This study highlights the potential of high-protein diets in reducing key risk factors for heart disease and diabetes, which could inform dietary recommendations and interventions for at-risk populations.
Keep in mind
Effectiveness of interventions remains unclear due to limited statistical significance. The study's sample size may limit generalizability of findings. Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled.
Published in
Journal Reference
Publication details and source links for this paper.
Lorraine SE, Mini MJ, Hanaa S, et al. The intermediate-term effects of dietary protein on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese patients with heart failure and diabetes mellitus. ESC Heart Failure. 2021;8(2):1342-1348. doi:10.1002/ehf2.13213
Main Effects
Body weight decreased by 3.6 kg in the high-protein group.
Waist circumference decreased by 1.9 cm in the high-protein group.
Glycosylated hemoglobin decreased by 0.7% in the high-protein group.
Total cholesterol decreased by 16.8 mg/dL in the high-protein group.
Evidence network
How this study fits
Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.
Evidence Context
This study contributes evidence to Animal Protein Diet, Standard diet and Body weight, Diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c, and 4 more.
This study contributes evidence to
Primary intervention
Animal Protein Diet
Primary outcomes
- Body weight
- Diastolic blood pressure
- HbA1c
Evidence topics
Primary intervention
Primary outcomes
Evidence relationships
Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.
13
Evidence pairs
13
Relationships
2
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence
Editorial context
Why this study matters
See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.
Evidence network role
This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.
Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 64
2
Related topics
13
Evidence pairs
609
Related studies
High relevance in at least one topic
Why it is useful
- Contributes to 13 evidence relationships
- Includes primary outcome data
- Linked to 2 direct semantic evidence topics
Topic contributions
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
Evidence topic
Contributes evidence
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Primary evidence
Evidence topic
Weight Loss
matched_outcome
Related evidence
Evidence topic
HbA1c Reduction
Save evidence
Core evidence
Study findings
The primary outcomes reported in this study.
Diastolic blood pressure
Animal Protein Diet → Diastolic blood pressure
Animal Protein Diet → Diastolic blood pressure
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 77
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 83
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 67
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 3 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerSystolic blood pressure
Animal Protein Diet → Systolic blood pressure
Animal Protein Diet → Systolic blood pressure
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerWaist circumference
Animal Protein Diet → Waist circumference
Animal Protein Diet → Waist circumference
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerDiastolic blood pressure
Standard diet → Diastolic blood pressure
Standard diet → Diastolic blood pressure
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 77
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 83
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 67
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 3 studies
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 50
- Neutral
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence TrackerEvidence Library
Build your evidence library
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Evidence Suggest
- High-protein diet led to a 3.6 kg weight reduction.
- Glycosylated hemoglobin reduced by 0.7%, indicating better blood sugar control.
- Total cholesterol decreased by 16.8 mg/dL, suggesting improved cardiovascular health.
Who this applies to
- Overweight and obese patients with heart failure.
- Individuals diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.
Keep in Mind
- Results may not apply to non-obese populations.
- The study did not measure long-term effects beyond the intervention period.
- Further research is needed to confirm findings and explore mechanisms.
Between the Lines
- Effectiveness of interventions remains unclear due to limited statistical significance.
- The study's sample size may limit generalizability of findings.
- Potential confounding factors were not fully controlled.
Evidence Library
Build your evidence library
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Connected Evidence
Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.
Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.
This study contributes to evidence on Animal Protein Diet and HbA1c, Standard diet and HbA1c.
Related evidence relationships
Explore in Evidence ExplorerThis study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.
Diet and Nutrition
Animal Protein Diet → HbA1c
Diet and Nutrition
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 77
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 83
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 67
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 3 studies
View evidenceDiet and Nutrition
Standard diet → HbA1c
Diet and Nutrition
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- 77
- Strong
- ImpactScore™
- 83
- Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- 67
- generally_consistent
Supporting studies: Based on 3 studies
View evidenceDiet and Nutrition
Animal Protein Diet → Body Weight
Diet and Nutrition
Evidence Intelligence™
- EvidenceScore™
- Emerging
- Score 59 · Based on 1 study
- ImpactScore™
- 100
- Very Positive
- ConsistencyScore™
- unclear
- Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
View evidenceIncluded in these evidence collections
Curated evidence collections and hubs this study is part of.
Animal Protein Diet Evidence Hub
All studies on Animal Protein Diet
3 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Animal Protein Diet evidence base.
HbA1c Evidence Hub
All studies measuring HbA1c
3 studies
outcome_hubMeasures HbA1c as a key outcome.
Standard diet Evidence Hub
All studies on Standard diet
3 studies
intervention_hubContributes to Standard diet evidence base.
Body Weight Evidence Hub
All studies measuring Body Weight
1 studies
outcome_hubMeasures Body Weight as a key outcome.
Explore more in Evidence Explorer
Jump to pre-filtered views in Evidence Explorer.
All studies on Animal Protein Diet and HbA1c
Intervention: Animal Protein DietOutcome: HbA1c
3 results
All studies on Standard diet and HbA1c
Intervention: Standard dietOutcome: HbA1c
3 results
All studies on Animal Protein Diet
Intervention: Animal Protein Diet
3 results
All studies on Standard diet
Intervention: Standard diet
3 results
All studies measuring HbA1c
Outcome: HbA1c
3 results
Questions answered by this study
Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.
Does Animal Protein Diet improve HbA1c?
Strong Evidence
Animal Protein Diet may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 77.3 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Standard diet improve HbA1c?
Strong Evidence
Standard diet may improve HbA1c.
ConsistencyScore™: Results are generally consistent across studies.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
HbA1c
EvidenceScore™ Strong | EvidenceScore™ 76.6 | moderate positive | ConsistencyScore™ Generally Consistent | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Animal Protein Diet affect body weight?
Emerging Evidence
Animal Protein Diet appears to improve Body weight.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Body weight
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Does Animal Protein Diet improve diastolic blood pressure?
Emerging Evidence
Animal Protein Diet appears to improve Diastolic blood pressure.
ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.
Ranked evidence signals
- 1
Diastolic blood pressure
EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | strong positive | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study
Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.
Limitations
- Only one supporting study is available.
- Consistency cannot yet be determined.
- Population details are unavailable.
Next steps
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