Research Summary
Analyzed using Evidence Intelligence™

LADDER program may support psychosocial adaptation in adults with type 1 diabetes.

Last updated September 9, 2026

Key finding

Questionnaire response rates were low.

The LADDER feasibility study evaluated one-to-one consultations and group sessions for diabetes management, revealing unclear effectiveness in improving social connectivity and quality of life.

Quick read

Study at a glance

The essential study design details in one scan.

EvidenceScore™

Moderate

Study type

RCTs

Follow-up

Extended (5–20+ y)

Risk of bias

Some Concerns

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Plain-language summary

What this paper says

A plain-language read of the study’s main message and where it applies.

Study focus

The LADDER feasibility study evaluated one-to-one consultations and group sessions for diabetes management, revealing unclear effectiveness in improving social connectivity and quality of life.

Clinical relevance

Understanding how to effectively support individuals with diabetes in improving their social connectivity and quality of life is crucial, as these factors can significantly impact overall health outcomes. The unclear effectiveness of the interventions highlights the need for more robust methods to engage participants and measure outcomes in future studies.

Keep in mind

Low questionnaire response rates hindered data collection. Quantitative comparisons between intervention and control groups were not feasible. The study's design may limit generalizability to broader populations.

Published in

Journal Reference

Publication details and source links for this paper.

Mette D, Rhawann EH, Daniel P, et al. Living with and Adapting to DiabetEs pRogramme (LADDER): A Feasibility Study. Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare. 2026;7:1749766. doi:10.3389/fcdhc.2026.1749766

Main Effects

Improvement in social connectivity scores was noted, but response rates were low.

Social functioning domain of health-related quality of life showed unclear effectiveness.

Subjective social status improvement was assessed but lacked quantitative comparisons.

Evidence network

How this study fits

Understand where this research contributes within the broader evidence network.

Evidence Context

This study contributes evidence to Group sessions, One-to-one consultations and Change in social functioning domain of health-related quality of life, Improvement in social connectivity scores, Improvement in subjective social status, and 2 more.

Primary intervention

Group sessions

Primary outcomes

  • Change in social functioning domain of health-related quality of life
  • Improvement in social connectivity scores
  • Improvement in subjective social status

Evidence relationships

Intervention and outcome relationships this study adds to the evidence network.

10
Evidence pairs
10
Relationships
2
Evidence topics
contributes_evidence

Editorial context

Why this study matters

See why this paper is useful beyond its individual results.

Evidence network role

This section describes how the study fits into the current evidence network. It does not determine whether an intervention works on its own.

Moderate contributionModerate confidenceNetwork score: 68

2

Related topics

10

Evidence pairs

136

Related studies

High relevance in at least one topic

Why it is useful

  • Contributes to 10 evidence relationships
  • Includes primary outcome data
  • Linked to 2 direct semantic evidence topics

Topic contributions

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Evidence topic

Contributes evidence

Add related evidence to your Evidence Tracker

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Primary evidence

Evidence topic

Diabetes Social Support

matched_outcome

Related evidence

Evidence topic

Quality of Life

Save evidence

Core evidence

Study findings

The primary outcomes reported in this study.

Improvement in social connectivity scores

Group sessions → Improvement in social connectivity scores

Group sessions → Improvement in social connectivity scores

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Improvement in subjective social status

Group sessions → Improvement in subjective social status

Group sessions → Improvement in subjective social status

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Social burden

Group sessions → Social burden

Group sessions → Social burden

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

WHOQOL-BREF Social relationship

Group sessions → WHOQOL-BREF Social relationship

Group sessions → WHOQOL-BREF Social relationship

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Change in social functioning domain of health-related quality of life

One-to-one consultations → Change in social functioning domain of health-related quality of life

One-to-one consultations → Change in social functioning domain of health-related quality of life

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Improvement in social connectivity scores

One-to-one consultations → Improvement in social connectivity scores

One-to-one consultations → Improvement in social connectivity scores

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Improvement in subjective social status

One-to-one consultations → Improvement in subjective social status

One-to-one consultations → Improvement in subjective social status

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Social burden

One-to-one consultations → Social burden

One-to-one consultations → Social burden

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

WHOQOL-BREF Social relationship

One-to-one consultations → WHOQOL-BREF Social relationship

One-to-one consultations → WHOQOL-BREF Social relationship

Evidence Intelligence™
EvidenceScore™
Emerging
Score 59 · Based on 1 study
ImpactScore™
50
Neutral
ConsistencyScore™
unclear
Not enough independent studies
Supporting studies: Based on 1 study
Add to Evidence Tracker

Evidence Library

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evidence suggest

Evidence Suggest

  • Effectiveness of interventions remains unclear due to low response rates.
  • Quantitative comparisons were not feasible for key outcomes.
  • Social burden and quality of life measures showed similar limitations.
who this applies

Who this applies to

  • Individuals living with diabetes.
  • Participants seeking behavioral-lifestyle interventions.
keep in mind

Keep in Mind

  • Low response rates may affect the reliability of findings.
  • Results may not be generalizable beyond the study population.
  • Further research is needed to explore effective engagement strategies.
between the lines

Between the Lines

  • Low questionnaire response rates hindered data collection.
  • Quantitative comparisons between intervention and control groups were not feasible.
  • The study's design may limit generalizability to broader populations.

Evidence Library

Build your evidence library

Save research, organize studies, and quickly find important evidence again.

Connected Evidence

Explore related studies, evidence collections, and research questions.

Relationships organized using the Dediabetes Evidence Intelligence™ framework.

This study contributes to evidence on Group sessions and Social burden, Group sessions and Social Support in Diabetes.

Related evidence relationships

Explore in Evidence Explorer

This study contributes to the evidence on the following intervention-outcome relationships.

Questions answered by this study

Generated from the study's connected evidence using Evidence Intelligence™.

Does Group sessions improve change in social functioning domain of health-related quality of life?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Group sessions for change in social functioning domain of health-related quality of life.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Change in social functioning domain of health-related quality of life

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study

What evidence is available on Group sessions and improvement in social connectivity scores?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Group sessions for improvement in social connectivity scores.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Improvement in social connectivity scores

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study

What evidence is available on Group sessions and improvement in subjective social status?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Group sessions for improvement in subjective social status.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Improvement in subjective social status

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study

Does Group sessions improve social burden?

Emerging Evidence

Current evidence does not show a clear benefit of Group sessions for social burden.

ConsistencyScore™: Consistency cannot yet be determined from the available evidence.

Ranked evidence signals

  1. 1

    Social burden

    EvidenceScore™ Emerging | EvidenceScore™ 59.0 | neutral | ConsistencyScore™ Unclear | 1 study

Why this answer: This answer is based on a single supporting study.

Limitations

  • Only one supporting study is available.
1 supporting study
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